水下爆炸下高拱坝坝面冲击荷载特性研究  

Research on impact load characteristics of high arch dams subjected to underwater explosions

作　　者：黄宇峰 卢文波[1,2] 王高辉[1,2] 王洋[1,2] 刘杰 HUANG Yufeng;LU Wenbo;WANG Gaohui;WANG Yang;LIU Jie(State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China;Key Laboratory of Rock Mechanics in Hydraulic Structural Engineering of Ministry of Education,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学水资源工程与调度全国重点实验室,湖北武汉430072 [2]武汉大学水工岩石力学教育部重点实验室,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《水利学报》2024年第5期607-618,共12页Journal of Hydraulic Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(51939008)。

摘　　要：确定爆炸荷载是高拱坝抗爆性能评估和抗爆设计的前提。为此,开展了高拱坝水下爆炸模型试验,并结合数值模拟方法,研究了高拱坝水下爆炸冲击荷载特性。以原型拱坝按1∶200缩比设计和制作了拱坝模型,测量了水下爆炸作用下库中以及拱坝表面的冲击荷载;采用Abaqus软件进行了拱坝水下爆炸数值模拟,结合试验数据验证了数值模拟的可靠性。研究结果表明,高拱坝水下爆炸冲击荷载可分为三个部分:首波爆炸冲击荷载、岸坡反射爆炸冲击荷载以及基底反射爆炸冲击荷载;对于库中起爆工况,高拱坝中心区域受到首波冲击的影响较大,而底部和靠近岸坡的区域则受到反射波的冲击较大,反射波在这些区域引起了较大的速度响应,在高拱坝的抗爆设计以及性能评估中,应考虑反射爆炸荷载的影响。研究成果可为高拱坝抗爆设计以及抗爆性能评估提供参考。Determination of blast loads is the prerequisite for the blast performance assessment and blast-resistant design of high arch dams.For this purpose,model tests of high arch dams subjected to underwater explosions were carried out to study the characteristics of underwater explosion impact loads combined with numerical simulation methods.A prototype arch dam was designed and modelled at a scale of 1∶200,and the impact loads in the reservoir and on the surface of the arch dam subjected to the underwater explosion were measured.Abaqus software was used for numerical simulation,which was validated by comparing with the test data.The results indicate that the underwater explosion impact load of high arch dams can be divided into three parts:the primary impact load,the bank slope reflection impact load,and the base reflection impact load;Under the condition of detonation in the middle of the reservoir,the central area of the high arch dam is greatly affected by the primary wave impact,while areas near the bank slope and the base are greatly affected by the reflected wave.In the anti explosion design and performance evaluation of high arch dams,the reflected impact load should be considered.The research results can provide reference for the anti-explosion design and performance evaluation of high arch dams.

关 键 词：高拱坝 水下爆炸 坝面冲击荷载 反射波 模型试验 

分 类 号：TV32[水利工程—水工结构工程]