宽幅条播对燕麦间作箭筈豌豆产量及种间关系的影响  

Effect of Wide Strip Sowing on Seed Yield and Interspecific Relationships under Oats and Common Vetch Intercropping

作　　者：王英[1] 李立军[1] 韩雪[1] 赵鑫瑶 韩冬雨 张宏杰 李嘉琪 WANG Ying;LI Lijun;HAN Xue;ZHAO Xinyao;HAN Dongyu;ZHANG Hongjie;LI Jiaqi(College of Agronomy,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010019,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学农学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010019

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2024年第6期795-802,共8页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFD1500904);内蒙古自治区科技重大专项(2021ZD0002);鄂尔多斯市科技重大专项(2022EEDSKJZDZX011)。

摘　　要：为明确宽幅条播对燕麦‖箭筈豌豆间作系统生产力的影响,在常规条播和宽幅条播两种播种方式下设置燕麦单作、箭筈豌豆单作及燕麦‖箭筈豌豆间作三种种植方式,比较分析了不同处理间作物产量、种间关系及燕麦产量构成因素的差异。结果表明,与单作相比,间作燕麦的饲草及籽粒产量显著提高,增幅分别为24.25%~32.77%和27.44%~32.69%,而间作箭筈豌豆的饲草及籽粒产量降低为7.16%~8.08%和2.80%~5.48%。宽幅条播可提高燕麦及箭筈豌豆产量,宽幅条播间作饲草和籽粒产量的土地当量比较常规条播间作分别提高0.03和0.06。在间作中,燕麦的侵占力大于0,实际产量损失大于1,竞争比率大于1,且燕麦的相对拥挤系数大于箭筈豌豆,说明燕麦在间作系统中处于竞争优势。间作燕麦穗数、穗粒数和穗重较单作显著提高,平均增幅分别为24.23%、14.84%和17.43%,其中宽幅条播间作处理的穗粒数、公顷穗数和穗重均显著高于其他处理。由此可见,宽幅条播下通过与箭筈豌豆间作,可提高燕麦生产力和土地资源利用效率。To clarify the effect of wide strip sowing on the productivity of oat and common vetch intercropping system,in this study,the effects of different sowing methods and cropping patterns on crop yield,interspecific relationships and oat yield components were investigated under two sowing methods:conventional strip sowing and wide strip sowing.The results showed that intercropping significantly increased oat forage and seed yield by 24.25%to 32.77%and 27.44%to 32.69%,respectively,but decreased common vetch forage and seed yield by 7.16%to 8.08%and 2.80%to 5.48%,respectively,compared with monoculture.Wide strip sowing can increase the yield of oats and common vetch,and the land equivalent ratio for forage and grain yield in wide intercropping was 0.03 and 0.06 higher than that in conventional intercropping,respectively.For different intercropping combinations,the invasiveness of oat was greater than 0;the actual yield loss was greater than 1;the competition ratio was greater than 1,and the relative crowding coefficient of oat was greater than that of common vetch,indicating that oat is in a competitive advantage in the intercropping system.Intercropping with oat significantly increased the number of ears,number of grains per ear,and weight per ear compared to monoculture,with an average increase rate of 24.23%,14.84%,and 17.43%,respectively.Among them,the number of grains per ear,number of panicles per hectare,and weight per ear in the wide intercropping treatment were significantly higher than those in other treatments.It can be seen that intercropping with common vetch under wide strip sowing can improve oat productivity and effectively utilize land resources.

关 键 词：燕麦 箭筈豌豆 宽幅条播 间作 籽粒产量 产量构成因素 土地当量比 实际产量损失 

分 类 号：S512.6[农业科学—作物学] S311