基于水流特性的桥区船舶通航风险分析  

Analysis on navigation risk of ships in bridge areas based on flow characteristics

作　　者：耿艳芬[1] 郭梦雅 陈会 郭华强 Geng Yanfen;Guo Mengya;Chen Hui;Guo Huaqiang(School of Transportation,Southeast University,Nanjing 211189,China;Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering,University of South Carolina,Columbia 29201,USA)

机构地区：[1]东南大学交通学院,南京211189 [2]Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering,University of South Carolina,Columbia 29201,USA

出　　处：《东南大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第3期717-723,共7页Journal of Southeast University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2018YFB1600400)。

摘　　要：为评估桥区船舶通航风险,构建考虑船舶运动特性的三维流场模型,研究水流影响下船舶过桥行为的偏航特性和受力特性.确定桥梁和船舶的通航风险评估分级标准,建立了基于模糊逻辑的船舶顺流通航风险评估模型.结果表明,桥墩间距风险等级划分临界值为40和60 m,具体分级标准因水期的不同而异.船速在枯水期、中水期和洪水期的低风险范围分别为1.6~2.5、2.0~2.5和1.6~2.0 m/s.洪水期通航风险高于其他时期,主要表现为通航尺度受限时的撞桥事故.相比于传统评估模型,所提模型根据船舶直接受力与运动表现来确定桥梁、水流和船速等因素分级标准,简化了评价指标体系,降低了模型主观性.To assess the navigation risk of ships in the bridge areas,a three-dimensional flow field model considering vessel motion characteristics was constructed to investigate the yaw characteristics and mechanical properties of vessels passing through bridges under the influence of water flow.The safe navigational conditions and assessment grading standards for bridges and vessels were studied.A vessel downstream navigational risk assessment model based on fuzzy logic was established.The results reveal that the critical safe distances between bridge piers are 40 and 60 m,and the specific grading standards vary with different water periods.The safe speed ranges for vessels during low water,medium water,and flood periods are determined as 1.6 to 2.5,2.0 to 2.5,and 1.6 to 2.0 m/s,respectively.Flood periods poses higher navigational risks than other periods,primarily due to collisions with bridges when navigational dimensions are restricted.Compared with traditional assessment models,the proposed model simplifies the evaluation index system and reduces the model subjectivity using direct ship forces and motion performance to determine grading criteria for factors such as bridges,water flow,and ship speed.

关 键 词：桥区水域 通航风险 水动力模拟 水流特性 

分 类 号：U65[交通运输工程—港口、海岸及近海工程]