低温对泥膜法和纯膜法处理污水的对比研究  

Comparative Study of Low Temperature on Sewage Treatment by Sludge-biofilm Combination Method and Pure Biofilm Method

作　　者：吴嘉利 杨舒茗 赵志勇 朱榕鑫 王胤 赵晓龙 WU Jiali;YANG Shuming;ZHAO Zhiyong;ZHU Rongxin;WANG Yin;ZHAO Xiaolong(Southwest Municipal Engineering Design&Research Insititute of China Co.,Ltd,Chengdu 610036,China)

机构地区：[1]中国市政工程西南设计研究总院有限公司,四川成都610036

出　　处：《水处理技术》2024年第6期125-130,共6页Technology of Water Treatment

基　　金：四川省科技厅重点研发项目(2022YFS0595)。

摘　　要：采用两个内置聚氨酯海绵填料的SBR反应器,分别构建活性污泥-生物膜复合法和纯生物膜法系统,对比研究两反应器在降温过程(17℃到10℃和5℃)中污染物去除性能及微生物群落变化。结果表明,整个降温过程,COD、TP去除受温度影响较小,5℃下两反应器COD、TP仍达到90%以上去除率;NH_(4)^(+)-N和TN受温度的影响较大,5℃下运行效果相对较好的泥膜反应器NH4+-N和TN去除率分别由98%、81%降至52%、45%;高通量测序结果显示,随温度降低,微生物群落多样性明显降低,与硝化过程相关的Nitrosomonas和Nitrospira菌丰度明显下降,而与反硝化除磷相关的Dechloromonas菌丰度出现显著增加;对比两反应器而言,低温下泥膜复合法反应器生物膜上的硝化菌数量更多,脱氮效率更高,反应器运行稳定性更佳,泥膜法更适合用于低温污水处理。Two SBR reactors with built-in polyurethane sponge fillers were used to construct sludge-biofilm combination and pure biofilm systems,respectively.A comparative study was conducted on the pollutant removal performance and microbial community changes of the two biofilm reactors during the cooling process(17℃ to 10℃ and 5℃).The results shows that the removal of COD and TP during the entire cooling process is less affected by temperature,and the removal rates of COD and TP in the two reactors still reach over 90% at 5℃;NH_(4)^(+)-N and TN are greatly affected by temperature,and the removal rates of NH_(4)^(+)-N and TN in the relatively good operating sludge membrane reactor have decreased from 98% and 81% to 52% and 45%,respectively;The results of microbial population structure analysis showed that with the decrease of temperature,the diversity of microbial community significantly decreased,the abundance of Nitrosomonas and Nitrospira bacteria that reacted with the nitrification process significantly decreased,and the abundance of Dechromonas bacteria related to denitrification phosphorus removal significantly increased;Compared with the two reactors,the sludge-biofilm combination reactor has a higher number of nitrifying bacteria on the biofilm at low temperatures,higher denitrification efficiency,and better operational stability,indicating that the sludge-biofilm combination reactor is more suitable for low-temperature sewage treatment.

关 键 词：低温 生物膜 生物强化 生活污水 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]