从重度残疾人护理补贴到长期护理保险——基于日本、德国经验借鉴研究  

From Care Subsidies for Persons with Severe Disabilities to Long-term Care Insurance--Research Based on Japanese and German Experience

作　　者：王瑞 Wang Rui(School of Public Administration,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学公共管理学院,成都610031

出　　处：《西部学刊》2024年第12期59-62,共4页Journal of Western

摘　　要：当前,我国围绕重度残疾人护理问题加大制度供给,取得了一定的社会成效。但护理补贴有限,在符合残疾人家庭期望、满足残疾人护理需求以及瞄准偏误等方面仍存在问题。通过梳理日本、德国两国在残疾人福利补贴制度和残疾人长期护理保险制度方面的做法,旨在为我国建立重度残疾人长期护理保险制度提供借鉴和参考:(一)促进老年人与残疾人两个护理人群的覆盖与制度融合,建立科学的护理需求评估办法;(二)促进非正式护理发展,重视对家庭护理的支持;(三)建立独立的筹资体系,避免过度依赖医疗保险进行筹资;(四)促进护理服务业的发展。At present,China has increased its institutional provision for the nursing of severely disabled persons and has achieved certain social outcomes.However,care subsidies are limited,and there are still problems in aspects such as meeting the expectations of families of persons with disabilities,satisfying their care needs and targeting bias.By summarizing the practices of Japan and Germany with regard to the welfare subsidy system and the care insurance for the disabled,aiming to provide reference for the establishment of a long-term care insurance system for the severely disabled in China:(1)promoting the coverage and institutional integration of the groups of the elderly and the disabled who need care and establishing a scientific method for care needs assessment;(2)promoting the development of informal nursing and emphasize support for home-based nursing;(3)establish an independent financing system to avoid over-reliance on health insurance for financing;(4)promoting the development of the nursing services industry.

关 键 词：残疾人护理 长期护理保险 残疾人福利 德国 日本 

分 类 号：D669.69[政治法律—政治学] F842.6[政治法律—中外政治制度]