蔬菜废弃物堆肥还田对番茄产量品质以及土壤理化性质的影响  

Effects of Vegetable Waste Composting on Tomato Yield,Quality and Soil Physical and Chemical Properties

作　　者：葛立傲 奚丹丹 张继宁[2] 陈红辉[1] 黄俭[1] 焦彬彬 倪玺超 GE Li'ao;XI Dandan;ZHANG Jining;CHEN Honghui;HUANG Jian;JIAO Binbin;NI Xichao(Shanghai Jinshan District Vegetable Technology Promotion Center,201599;Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences;Shanghai Customs Animal,Plant and Food Inspection and Quarantine Technology Center;Shanghai Jinshan District Langxia Town Agricultural and Rural Service Center)

机构地区：[1]上海市金山区蔬菜技术推广中心,201599 [2]上海市农业科学院 [3]上海海关动植物与食品检验检疫技术中心 [4]上海市金山区廊下镇农业农村服务中心

出　　处：《长江蔬菜》2024年第12期72-75,共4页Journal of Changjiang Vegetables

基　　金：上海市科技兴农项目(2022-02-08-00-12-F01149)。

摘　　要：为了探究蔬菜废弃物堆肥还田对番茄生长以及土壤理化性质的影响,以金山区特色番茄品种桃大哥为试验对象,设置以蔬菜废弃物、谷糠、豆粕、微生物菌肥、酵素、蛋壳等为原料的堆肥(T1)、普通商品有机肥(T2)、常规施肥(CK)3个处理开展比较试验。结果表明,蔬菜废弃物堆肥还田处理的番茄植株平均直径1.84 cm,较常规施肥增加9.52%(P<0.05);最大叶片长度35.20 cm,较常规施肥增加25.45%(P<0.05);果实横径和纵径分别为83.15、55.37 mm,较常规施肥提高12.00%、6.81%(P<0.05);单果质量较常规施肥增加11.49%(P<0.05);番茄果实糖度较常规施肥提高24.62%(P<0.05);番茄维生素C含量较常规施肥提高18.10%(P<0.05)。土壤有机质含量较常规施肥提高6.88%,土壤pH值明显提高,能改善土壤酸性环境。综上,利用蔬菜废弃物堆肥还田可促进番茄植株生长、提高番茄产量,提升番茄品质,改良土壤环境等。In order to explore the effects of vegetable waste composting returning to the field on tomato growth and soil physical and chemical properties,taking the characteristic tomato cultivar taodage in Jinshan district as the experimental object,3 treatments of composting with vegetable waste,rice bran,soybean meal,microbial manure,enzyme,eggshell as raw materials(T1),general commercial organic fertilizer(T2)and conventional fertilization(CK)were set up to carry out comparative experiment.The results showed that the average tomato plant diameter of composting was 1.84 cm,which was 9.52%higher than that of conventional fertilization(P<0.05);The maximum leaf length was 35.20 cm,which was 25.45%higher than that of conventional fertilization(P<0.05);The fruit transverse diameter and fruit longitudinal diameter were 83.15 mm and 55.37 mm respectively,which were 12.00%and 6.81%higher than those of conventional fertilization(P<0.05);The single fruit weight increased by 11.49%compared with conventional fertilization(P<0.05),the sugar content of tomato fruit increased by 24.62%compared with conventional fertilization(P<0.05),tomato vitamin C increased by 18.10%compared with conventional fertilization(P<0.05),the content of soil organic matter increased by 6.88%compared with conventional fertilization,and the soil pH value increased compared with conventional fertilization,which could improve the soil acidic environment.In conclusion,using vegetable waste composting returning to the field could promote the growth of tomato plants,increase tomato yield,improve tomato quality and improve soil environment.

关 键 词：蔬菜废弃物 番茄 产量 品质 土壤理化性质 

分 类 号：S141.4[农业科学—肥料学] S641.2[农业科学—农业基础科学]