超声引导下起搏器植入构建犬慢性心力衰竭模型的方法  

Ultrasound-Guided Pacemaker Implantation to Construct A Canine Model of Chronic Heart Failure

作　　者：王清[1] 马学龄 梁小燕 美迪娜·叶尔肯 芦颜美[1] WANG Qing;MA Xueling;LIANG Xiaoyan;Meidina·Yeerken;LU Yanmei(Department of Pacing and Electrophysiology,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Cardiac Remodeling,The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi 830054,Xinjiang,China;Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis,Changji Branch,The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University,Changji 831100,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆医科大学第一附属医院心脏中心起搏电生理科新疆心电生理与心脏重塑重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830054 [2]新疆医科大学第一附属医院昌吉分院超声诊断科,新疆昌吉831100

出　　处：《心血管病学进展》2024年第5期466-469,共4页Advances in Cardiovascular Diseases

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区天山英才—青年拔尖科技人才项目(2022TSYCCX0101)。

摘　　要：目的探讨超声引导下起搏器植入构建犬慢性心力衰竭(CHF)模型的方法。方法随机选择健康犬5只,在超声引导下,将人用起搏电极经颈外静脉植入右心室心尖部,连接人用起搏器后,将其放置在右侧颈部囊袋中,采用心室非同步起搏模式,180次/min(3 d),220次/min(3 d),250次/min(3周),输出电压4.0 V,脉宽0.5 ms。通过观察起搏前后犬的临床表现、超声心动图、血浆脑钠肽水平以及心脏形态学变化来评价犬CHF模型构建的成效。结果5只犬经右心室起搏4周后均出现食欲减退、呼吸困难、活动量减少等临床表现,超声心动图证实左室射血分数降低,酶联免疫吸附试验检测血浆脑钠肽水平升高,病理染色结果显示胶原纤维增多,透射电子显微镜结果显示心肌肌原纤维断裂、肌节损伤、Z线消失、线粒体溶解和破碎。结论采用超声引导经颈外静脉植入人用起搏器建立的犬CHF模型操作方便,成功率高,是一种安全高效的CHF模型构建方法。Objective To explore the method of constructing canine chronic heart failure(CHF)model by ultrasound-guided pacemaker implantation.Methods Five healthy canines were randomly selected.Under the guidance of ultrasound,the human pacemaker electrode was implanted into the right ventricular apex through the external jugular vein.After connecting the human pacemaker,it was placed in the right neck pocket.The ventricular asynchronous pacing mode was used with a pacing frequency of 180 beats per minute for 3 days,followed by 220 beats per minute for 3 days and finally 250 beats per minute for 3 weeks,the output voltage was 4.0 V and the pulse width was 0.5 ms.The effectiveness of constructing a canine CHF model was assessed by the clinical manifestations,echocardiography results,plasma brain natriuretic peptide(BNP)levels,and cardiac morphological changes before and after pacing.Results After 4 weeks of right ventricular pacing,5 canines showed clinical manifestations such as loss of appetite,dyspnea and decreased activity.Echocardiography confirmed a decrease in left ventricular ejection fraction.The plasma BNP level was increased by ELISA.The results of pathological staining showed that collagen fibers were increased.Transmission electron microscopy results showed that myocardial myofibrils were broken,sarcomeres were damaged,Z-lines were disappeared,and mitochondria were dissolved and cracked.Conclusion The canine model of CHF established by ultrasound-guided external jugular vein implantation of a human pacemaker is easy to operate and has a high success rate.It is a safe and efficient method for constructing a CHF model.

关 键 词：超声引导 起搏器 犬 慢性心力衰竭 

分 类 号：R541.6[医药卫生—心血管疾病] R-332[医药卫生—内科学]