面向“23·7”特大暴雨的北京市门头沟、房山、昌平流域单元划分  

Watershed unit division in Mentougou,Fangshan and Changping mountainous areas in Beijing for 23.7 extremely heavy rainstorm

作　　者：徐宗霞 梁汉媚 张奎 陶迎春[1,2] 万意 曾艳艳 曹筱敏[1,2] XU Zongxia;LIANG Hanmei;ZHANG Kui;TAO Yingchun;WAN Yi;ZENG Yanyan;CAO Xiaomin(Beijing Institute of Surveying and Mapping,Beijing 100038,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Spatial Information Engineering,Beijing 100038,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市测绘设计研究院,北京100038 [2]城市空间信息工程北京市重点实验室,北京100038

出　　处：《北京测绘》2024年第4期574-579,共6页Beijing Surveying and Mapping

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金(4214069)。

摘　　要：2023年7月末至8月初,北京市受台风影响,遭遇了历史罕见的特大暴雨并引发流域性特大洪涝灾害,造成了重大损失和影响。特大暴雨落区主要集中在西部山区,其中门头沟、房山、昌平区受灾严重,为快速响应灾后重建规划需求,本文提出基于2m分辨率的地形数字高程模型(DEM)数据、数字正射影像图(DOM)、沟渠、道路、2010年第一次水务普查成果等多源数据,面向深山区、浅山区的流域提取方法,应用于北京市受灾区域,划定了房山、门头沟、昌平区的山区流域单元,并基于流域单元数据进行了村庄及特大暴雨时期的人口分析等应用研究。经过试验证明,本文与传统水文模型提取算法相比,提取结果更符合实际地形,也和第一次水务普查成果进行比对,证明了本研究方法的可靠性。From late July to early August 2023,Beijing,hit by typhoons,suffered a rare extremely heavy rainstorm in history and triggered a basin-wide catastrophic flood disaster,which caused significant losses and impacts.The falling area of extremely heavy rainstorms was mainly concentrated in the western mountainous areas,among which Mentougou,Fangshan and Changping were seriously affected.To quickly respond to the needs of post-disaster reconstruction planning,this paper proposed multi-source data such as terrain digital elevation model(DEM)based on 2 m resolution,data,digital orthophoto map(DOM),ditches,roads,and the results of the first water census in 2010.The watershed extraction method for the deep mountainous area and the shallow mountainous area was applied to the disaster-stricken areas in Beijing.The mountain watershed units of Fangshan,Mentougou,and Changping districts were demarcated.Based on the watershed unit data,the population analysis of villages and during the extremely heavy rainstorm was conducted.The experiments prove that compared with traditional hydrological model extraction algorithms,the extraction results in this paper are more consistent with the actual terrain.Compared with the results of the first water census,the reliability of this research method is verified.

关 键 词：流域 数字高程模型(DEM) 深山区 浅山区 水务普查 

分 类 号：P208[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程]