永春湖洋溪黑脊倒刺鲃国家级水产种质资源保护区冬季鱼类资源调查  

Investigation on fish resources of Spinibarbu scaldwelli National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Reserve in Huyangxi River, Yongchun County, Fujian Province in winter

作　　者：郭少鹏 方民杰[1] 黄智森 曾庆民[1] 温凭[1] 李雷斌[1] 刘吉祥 GUO Shaopeng;FANG Minjie;HUANG Zhisen;ZENG Qingmin;WEN Ping;LI Leibin;LIU Jixiang(Key Laboratory of Cultivation and High-value Utilization of Marine Organisms in Fujian Province,Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources,Fujian Fisheries Research Institute,Xiamen 361013,China;Yongchun County Aquatic Technology Promotion Station,Quanzhou 362600,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省水产研究所,福建省海洋生物增养殖与高值化利用重点实验室,福建省海洋生物资源开发利用协同创新中心,福建厦门361013 [2]永春县水产技术推广站,福建泉州362600

出　　处：《渔业研究》2024年第3期279-285,共7页Journal of Fisheries Research

基　　金：福建省海洋服务与渔业高质量发展专项资金项目(FJHY-YYKJ-2023-1-13);永春县湖洋溪黑脊倒刺鲃国家级水产种质资源保护区渔业资源及增殖放流效果评估(KF202204101)。

摘　　要：为探究福建省永春县湖洋溪黑脊倒刺鲃(Spinibarbus caldwelli)国家级水产种质资源保护区内(以下简称保护区)渔业资源状况,2023年1月在保护区布设6个站位,采用流刺网、地笼网等方式进行调查。调查结果表明:保护区现有鱼类28种,隶属于3目7科25属,其中鲤形目16属18种,占全部鱼类的64.28%;鲇形目为3属5种,占全部种类的17.86%;鲈形目5属5种,占全部种类的17.86%。本次调查共采集鱼类1043尾、70222.7 g,优势种为齐氏罗非鱼(Coptodon zillii),一般种为黑脊倒刺鲃、圆吻鲴(Distoechodon tumirostris)和鲫(Carassius auratus)。保护区内鱼类丰富度指数为2.770,均匀度指数为0.723,物种多样性指数为3.513。外来鱼类在渔获物中占比较大,有齐氏罗非鱼、尼罗罗非鱼(Oreochromisniloticus)和伽利略罗非鱼(Sarotherodongalilaeus)3种,表明保护区内已出现较为严重的外来鱼类入侵现象,应加强外来鱼类的管控,以保护黑脊倒刺鲃及其他土著鱼类。To investigate the status of fish resources within the Spinibarbu scaldwelli National Aquatic Ger-mplasm Resources Reserve in Huyangxi River,Yongchun County,Fujian Province(referred to as the reserve),and assess the proliferation and release effects of in recent years,fishing methods such as gill nets and ground cage nets were employed to survey fish resources in the reserve in January,2023.The survey revealed 28 fish species in the reserve during winter,comprising 3 orders,7 families,and 25 genera.Within these,16 genera and 18 species belonged to the Cypriniformes order,constituting 64.28%of total fish species.The order Siluri-formes comprised 3 genera and 5 species,accounting for 17.86%of all species,while the Perciformes order consisted of 5 genera and 5 species,also representing 17.86%of all species.From January 7 to January 10,2023,a total of 1043 fish weighing 70222.7 g were captured in the reserve.Dominant species included Copto-don zillii,Sarcocheilichthys nigripinnis,Abbottina elongata,and Distoechodon tumirostris.Among the cap-tured fish,the proportion of S.caldwelli was relatively small,comprising 33 individuals weighted 6438.0 g,ac-counting for 3.16%of the total catch by number and 9.27%by weight.Furthermore,the richness index,even-ness index,and species diversity index of the reserve in winter were 2.770,0.723,and 3.513,respectively.The proportion of alien fishes was relatively high,with main species including C.zillii,Oreochromis niloticus,and Sarotherodon galilaeus,indicating a significant invasion of alien fishes in lakes,oceans,and streams.Given that excessive reproduction of alien fishes may impede the survival and reproduction of local fish species,it is im-perative to strengthen control measures against alien fishes and protect resources of S.caldwelli and other indi-genous fish species.

关 键 词：湖洋溪 鱼类资源调查 黑脊倒刺鲃 外来鱼类 保护区 

分 类 号：S932.4[农业科学—渔业资源]