低合金铸钢表面堆焊焊缝组织和性能的分析  

Analysis of the microstructure and properties of the surface overlaying weld on low alloy cast steel

作　　者：杨黎明 闫学金 曾亮 YANG Liming;YAN Xuejin;ZENG Liang(Qingdao CRRC Sifang Rolling Stock Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao,Shandong 266111,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛中车四方轨道车辆有限公司,山东青岛266111

出　　处：《轨道交通材料》2024年第3期28-31,36,共5页MATERIALS FOR RAIL TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM

摘　　要：为研究堆焊焊缝的金相组织,在低合金铸钢表面进行堆焊后,分别在焊接方向的横纵两个方向取样,并对其进行金相组织分析和硬度检验。通过检验和分析,堆焊焊缝横向方向的焊缝宏观金相组织呈现连续规律的组织形态,纵向方向宏观金相组织因取样位置差异存在较大差别;受后一道焊缝热输出的影响,前一道焊缝的大部分组织呈现均匀的正火组织状态;两道焊缝的熔合区,靠近焊缝表面部分,存在硬度相对较低区域;焊缝表面硬度低于焊缝中心部位硬度。此研究有助于焊接工艺人员通过控制焊接热输出量、焊缝间距、焊缝高度等方式改进焊接工艺,并确定合理的焊缝去除量。In order to study the microstructure of the surfacing weld,samples are taken in the transverse and longitudinal directions of the welding direction after the surfacing operation on a low alloy cast steel,and the microstructure analysis and hardness test are carried out.Through inspection and analysis,the macroscopic metallographic structure of the surfacing welds in the transverse direction shows a continuous and regular morphology,while the macroscopic microstructure in the longitudinal direction differs greatly due to the difference of sampling position.Affected by the heat output of the following welding bead,most of the microstructures of the previous welding beam shows a uniform normalizing microstructure.The fusion zone of two welds,near the surface of the weld,contains areas with relatively low hardness.The hardness of the weld surface is lower than that of the weld center.This study is helpful for welding technicians to improve welding process by controlling welding heat output,weld spacing,weld bead height and so on,and to determine reasonable weld removal amount.

关 键 词：堆焊 金相组织 热影响区 

分 类 号：U270.64[机械工程—车辆工程]