一次大暴雨中尺度短时强降水回波特征分析  

Analysis of Echo Characteristics of A Mesoscale Short-time Heavy Rainfall in Heavy Rainstorm

作　　者：洪丽霞[1] 马中元[2] 洪俊 辛珂钰 范小军 HONG Lixia;MA Zhongyuan;HONG Jun;XIN Keyu;FAN Xiaojun(Meteorological Bureau of Yifeng County,336300,Yifeng,Jiangxi,PRC;Jiangxi Institute of Meteorological Science,330046,Nanchang,PRC;Shangrao Meteorological Bureau,333000,Shangrao,Jiangxi,PRC)

机构地区：[1]江西省宜丰县气象局,江西宜丰336300 [2]江西省气象科学研究所,南昌330046 [3]江西省上饶市气象局,江西上饶333000

出　　处：《江西科学》2024年第3期582-586,653,共6页Jiangxi Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(41975001);宜春市气象局2022年科研项目(JXYC20220908M004)。

摘　　要：为了做好江西宜丰大暴雨天气的预警预报服务,使用常规天气图、宜丰自动站雨量、江西雷达拼图等资料,采用天气学、雷达气象学等原理,对2022年6月3日江西宜丰地区大暴雨过程进行分析。结果表明,通过对6月3日宜丰大暴雨年月日统计特征进行分析,1981—2022年宜丰每年大暴雨出现频次在0~2次,主要集中出现在6月份。宜丰此次大暴雨过程前期雨势不大,但由于云系发展和地形、环境等条件的影响,在6月3日08时小时雨强达到了65 mm,到了09时小时雨强达到最大的70 mm,造成了局地的超短时强降水。受低槽及低层切变东移影响,边界层及地面增温明显,动力抬升加强。850 hPa低涡东侧的切变线一直延伸至赣北北部,切变线南侧西南急流达到14 m/s,宜丰处在西南急流的左前方,同时地面辐合线稳定在宜丰附近并与低层切变耦合,导致辐合扰动加强,有利于强风暴在辐合线附近发生。回波形态为絮状回波带结构,絮状回波带包含着多个较强单体回波,影响宜丰的组合反射率CR回波最强达到50 dBZ,≥45 dBZ回波稳定在宜丰南部,为短时强降水的生成形成了非常有利的条件,随着回波顶高的升高,加强了该单体回波的降水效率,08时出现了小时雨强65 mm/h的超强降水。In order to provide early warning and forecast services for heavy rain in Yifeng,Jiangxi province,the MICAPS weather map,rainfall of Jiangxi Yifeng automatic station,Jiangxi radar mosaic and other data were used to analyze the heavy rain process in Yifeng,Jiangxi province,on June 3,2022 by using the principles of Meteorology and radar meteorology.The results showed that by analyzing the statistical characteristics of the heavy rain in Yifeng on June 3,mainly in June.In the early stage of the heavy rain in Yifeng,the rainfall was not heavy.However,due to the development of the cloud system,the terrain,the environment and other conditions,the hourly rainfall intensity reached 65 mm at 08:00 on June 3,and the maximum rainfall intensity reached 70 mm at 09:00,resulting in local ultra short-time heavy rainfall.Affected by the eastward movement of low trough and low layer shear,the boundary layer and ground temperature increase obviously,and the dynamic uplift is strengthened.The shear line on the east side of the 850 hPa low vortex extends to the north of northern Jiangxi.The southwest jet on the south side of the shear line reaches 14 m/s,and Yifeng is in the left front of the southwest jet.At the same time,the ground convergence line is stable near Yifeng and coupled with the low-level shear,resulting in enhanced convergence disturbance,which is conducive to the occurrence of strong wind storms near the convergence line.The echo form is a flocculent echo band structure.The flocculent echo band contains a number of strong monomer echoes.The combined reflectivity CR echo affecting Yifeng is the strongest,reaching 50 dBZ.The echo≥45 dBZ is stable in the south of Yifeng,forming a very favorable condition for the generation of short-term heavy rainfall.With the increase of the echo top height,the precipitation efficiency of the monomer echo is enhanced.In 2008,there was a super heavy rainfall with an hourly rainfall intensity of 65 mm/h.

关 键 词：宜丰 短时强降水 雷达拼图回波特征 风暴跟踪信息 

分 类 号：P426.6[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]