短期超重力负荷对小鼠神经发生及空间工作记忆能力的作用分析  

Effects of short-term hypergravity load on adult neurogenesis and spatial working memory in mice

作　　者：王建斌 梁雅楠 曹秀丽 郑敏化 WANG Jianbin;LIANG Ya'nan;CAO Xiuli;ZHENG Minhua(Department of Medical Genetics and Developmental Biology,School of Basic Medical Sciences,Air Force Medical University,Xi'an 710032,China;School of Life Sciences,Yan'an University,Yan'an 716000,China)

机构地区：[1]空军军医大学基础医学院医学遗传与发育生物学教研室,陕西西安710032 [2]延安大学生命科学学院,陕西延安716000

出　　处：《空军军医大学学报》2024年第6期625-633,共9页Journal of Air Force Medical University

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2024JC-YBMS-155);空军军医大学医学重大问题科技攻关项目(2020ZTC03)。

摘　　要：目的分析短期超重力负荷对于小鼠大脑神经发生和空间工作记忆的影响。方法将雄性C57BL/6小鼠随机分为对照组、9 G超重力离心组(9 G组)和15 G超重力离心组(15 G组),每组8只。实验组小鼠分别在9 G和15 G离心力条件下进行离心处理,每日15 min,为期3周。而后对各组小鼠进行水迷宫、八臂迷宫、旷场和高架十字迷宫行为学分析,比较小鼠的空间学习和工作记忆、焦虑水平和运动功能的组间差异,并通过免疫荧光染色技术分析小鼠大脑侧脑室下带和海马齿状回颗粒层下带的神经发生表型。结果与对照组相比,9 G组和15 G组小鼠在离心处理后体质量显著下降(P<0.05,P<0.01);三组小鼠的各项行为学指标无统计学差异;与对照组和9 G组相比,15 G组小鼠脑冠状切面侧脑室面积显著减小(P<0.01),15 G组小鼠侧脑室CD24^(+)的室管膜细胞数目显著减少(P<0.01);三组小鼠侧脑室下带和海马齿状回颗粒层下带的神经发生无显著差异。结论短期超重力负荷对于小鼠的神经发生、空间学习和工作记忆、焦虑水平和运动功能无显著影响,提示短期超重力环境作用(如短期飞行训练)后生物体大脑具有较强的适应性和稳态维持能力,尚能应对这种短暂的重力环境变化;另一方面,15 G组小鼠侧脑室截面积显著减小且室管膜细胞数目减少,提示高强度或长期的超重力负荷可能经由脑室缺陷损害大脑的结构和高级脑功能。Objective To analyze the effects of short-term hypergravity load on adult neurogenesis and spatial working memory in mice.Methods Male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into control group,9 G hypergravity centrifugation group(9 G group)and 15 G hypergravity centrifugation group(15 G group),with 8 mice in each group.The mice in the experimental groups were subjected to centrifugal force of 9 G or 15 G by centrifugation for 15 min a day for 3 weeks.Then,behavioral analysis of water maze,eight-arm maze,open field test and elevated plus maze test were performed to compare the differences of spatial learning and working memory,anxiety level and motor function between the groups.Immunofluorescence staining was used to analyze the neurogenesis phenotype of the subventricular zone and the subgranular zone of the hippocampal dentate gyrus.Results Compared with the control group,the body mass of mice in 9 G group and 15 G group decreased significantly after centrifugation(P<0.05,P<0.01).There were no significant differences in behavioral indicators among the three groups.Compared with the control group and the 9 G group,the coronal area of lateral ventricle in the 15 G group was significantly reduced(P<0.01)and the number of CD24^(+)ependymal cells in the lateral ventricle of the 15 G group was significantly decreased(P<0.01).There was no significant difference in the neurogenesis of the subventricular zone and the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus in the hippocampus among the three groups.Conclusion Short-term hypergravity load has no significant effect on neurogenesis,spatial learning and working memory,anxiety level and motor function in mice,suggesting that the mammalian brain has strong adaptability and homeostatic maintenance capacity after short-term hypergravity load(such as short-term flight training),and can still cope with such transient changes of gravity environment.On the other hand,the coronal area of lateral ventricle and the number of ependymal cells decreased significantly in the 15 G group,suggestin

关 键 词：超重力负荷 神经发生 空间工作记忆 焦虑 

分 类 号：R852.2[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]