重症监护室儿童麻疹临床分析  

Clinical Analysis of Measles in Children in Intensive Care Unit

作　　者：苗敏 刘玉环 张慧敏 庞琳 MIAO Min;LIU Yuhuan;ZHANG Huimin(Department of Pediatrics,Beijing Ditan Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100015,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京地坛医院儿科,100015

出　　处：《医学研究杂志》2024年第5期149-153,共5页Journal of Medical Research

摘　　要：目的分析重症监护室(intensive care unit,ICU)收治的麻疹患儿的临床特征,为临床医生诊治儿童重症麻疹提供依据。方法回顾性分析2009~2019年首都医科大学附属北京地坛医院ICU收治的54例麻疹患儿的临床资料,根据预后情况将患儿分为存活组和死亡组,比较两组患儿的临床特征。结果54例患儿中,男性35例(64.8%),女性19例(35.2%);年龄为8.7(6.6,13.0)个月,<1岁患儿最多,为39例(72.2%)。死亡组17例(31.5%),男性7例(41.2%),女性10例(58.8%);<1岁12例(70.6%),9例(52.9%)合并基础疾病。并发症以重症肺炎(100.0%)最常见。死亡组急性呼吸窘迫综合征(acute respiratory distress syndrome,ARDS)、休克的发生率及机械通气率均高于存活组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论入住ICU的麻疹患儿,尤其有基础疾病者,当出现ARDS,或同时并发肺气漏时有较高的死亡风险,早期识别并发症,及时机械通气支持等综合治疗是降低病死率的关键。Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of children with measles admitted to intensive care unit(ICU),and to provide evidence for clinicians to diagnose and treat children with severe measles.Methods The clinical data of 54 children with measles admitted to ICU of Beijing Ditan Hospital,Capital Medical University from 2009 to 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.The children were divided into survival group and death group according to disease prognosis,to compare the clinical characteristics of the two groups.Results Among the 54 cases,35 cases(64.8%)were males,19 cases(35.2%)were females,the age was 8.7(6.6,13.0)months,most children under 1 years old,was 39 cases(72.2%).Death group was 17 cases(31.5%),7 cases(41.2%)were males,10 cases(58.8%)were females,12 cases(70.6%)were<1 year old,9 cases(52.9%)had underlying diseases.The most common complication was severe pneumonia(100.0%).The incidence of acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS),shock and mechanical ventilation in death group were higher than those in survival group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Children with measles admitted to ICU,especially those with underlying diseases,have a higher risk of death when ARDS or pulmonary air leakage occurs simultaneously.Early identification of complications,timely mechanical ventilation support and other comprehensive treatment are the key to reduce mortality.

关 键 词：儿童 麻疹 临床分析 重症监护室 

分 类 号：R72[医药卫生—儿科]