缓控释氮肥一次性施用对舟山地区小麦产量和氮肥利用率的影响  

Effects of one-time application of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer on wheat yield and nitrogen use efficiency in Zhoushan Area

作　　者：费维 方红玲 张浩 顾卡咪 杨梢娜 FEI Wei;FANG Honging;ZHANG Hao;GU Kami;YANG Shaona(Daishan County Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Daishan 316200,Zhejiang;Zhoushan Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Zhoushan 316021,Zhejiang)

机构地区：[1]岱山县农业农村局,浙江岱山316200 [2]舟山市农业技术推广中心,浙江舟山316021

出　　处：《浙江农业科学》2024年第6期1325-1328,共4页Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：2021年省级粮油产业团队项目—岱山“沙洋晒生”产销一体化示范推广;县科技特派员项目——番薯基腐病防治试验研究。

摘　　要：为了探究缓释氮肥对冬小麦生产的影响,以扬麦16为材料,于2020—2022年在浙江省岱山县进行田间试验,研究不同释放期缓释氮肥对小麦产量、氮素累积量、氮肥表观利用率、农学效率及偏生产力的影响。结果显示,与常规施肥相比,2种释放期的缓控释氮肥均显著提高了小麦产量。在2020—2021年,缓控释氮肥较常规施肥显著提高了小麦氮素吸收量,而2021—2022年小麦季CF、CRU60和CRU90处理间的小麦总吸氮量无显著差异;与CF处理相比,缓控释氮肥处理的小麦氮肥表观利用率、农学效率和偏生产力分别提高3.4~6.0百分点、10.4%~19.8%和3.9%~7.5%。综上,在小麦生产上一次基施缓释期90 d的缓控释氮肥可以达到增效、省工、节本的效果。In order to explore the effect of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer on winter wheat production,a field experiment was conducted in Daishan County,Zhejiang Province from 2020 to 2022 using Yangmai 16 as the material.The effects of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer at different release periods on wheat yield,nitrogen accumulation,apparent nitrogen use efficiency,agronomic efficiency and partial productivity were studied.The results showed that compared with conventional fertilization,the slow-release and controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer at the two release stages significantly increased the yield of wheat.From 2020 to 2021,slow-release nitrogen fertilizer significantly increased nitrogen uptake in wheat compared with conventional fertilization,but there was no significant difference in total nitrogen uptake between CF,CRU60 and CRU90 treatments in 2021-2022.Compared with CF treatment,the apparent nitrogen use efficiency,agronomic efficiency and partial productivity of wheat treated with slow-release nitrogen fertilizer increased by 3.4-6.0 percentage points,10.4%-19.8%and 3.9%-7.5%,respectively.In conclusion,the last basic application of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer with a slow-release period of 90 days in wheat production can achieve the effects of increasing efficiency,saving labor and saving costs.

关 键 词：小麦 产量 氮素累积量 氮肥利用率 

分 类 号：S512[农业科学—作物学]