低浓度硫酸铜对化学镀Ni-P镀层微观结构及性能的影响  

Effects of Low-Concentration Copper Sulfate on the Microstructure and Properties of Electroless Ni-P Coatings

作　　者：周柏玉[1] 黄仁超 ZHOU Baiyu;HUANG Renchao(Modern Equipment Manufacturing Institute,Chenzhou Vocational Technical College,Chenzhou 423000,China)

机构地区：[1]郴州职业技术学院现代装备制造学院,湖南郴州423000

出　　处：《材料保护》2024年第6期147-153,共7页Materials Protection

基　　金：湖南省教育厅科学研究项目(22B0946)。

摘　　要：为改善镍磷(Ni-P)镀层的表面质量、提高Ni-P镀层的性能,在化学镀Ni-P镀液中加入少量的硫酸铜(CuSO_(4)·5H_(2)O)制备Ni-P镀层。利用扫描电镜、能谱仪、X射线衍射仪分析了镀层的表面形貌、成分和结构,研究了CuSO_(4)·5H_(2)O浓度对镀层的微观结构、表面粗糙度、光泽度、硬度、耐磨性和耐蚀性的影响。研究表明:当CuSO_(4)·5H_(2)O浓度为0.1 g/L时,镀层为致密的非晶态节瘤状组织,具有最佳的耐蚀性;当CuSO_(4)·5H_(2)O浓度为0.2 g/L时,镀层表面质量最好,硬度高、耐磨性优异,但镀层中出现少量微晶态Ni-Cu固溶体,耐蚀性下降;当CuSO_(4)·5H_(2)O浓度超过0.2 g/L后,镀层为混晶态菜花状组织,镀层表面的质量和耐蚀性随CuSO_(4)·5H_(2)O浓度的增加不断恶化。In order to improve the surface quality and properties of nickel-phosphorus(Ni-P)coatings,a small quantity of copper sulfate(CuSO_(4)·5H_(2)O)was added to the electroless Ni-P plating solution to prepare Ni-P coatings.The surface morphology,composition and structure of the coatings were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy,energy-dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffractometer.The effects of CuSO_(4)·5H_(2)O concentration on the microstructure,surface roughness,glossiness,hardness,wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the coatings were investigated.Results showed that when the concentration of CuSO_(4)·5H_(2)O was 0.1 g/L,the coating exhibited a dense,amorphous nodular structure with the best corrosion resistance.At a concentration of 0.2 g/L,the coating had the best surface quality,high hardness and excellent wear resistance,but a small amount of microcrystalline Ni-Cu solid solution appeared in the coating,leading to decreased corrosion resistance.When the concentration of CuSO_(4)·5H_(2)O exceeded 0.2 g/L,the coating formed a mixed crystalline cauliflower-like structure,and both the surface quality and corrosion resistance of the coating deteriorated with increasing CuSO_(4)·5H_(2)O concentration.

关 键 词：化学镀 NI-P镀层 硫酸铜浓度 微观结构 耐磨性 耐蚀性 

分 类 号：TG174[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]