环境规制目的转型下的农业面源污染法律规制  

Legal Regulation of Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution in the Context of Transformed Environmental Regulation Objectives

作　　者：蔡大宝 CAI Dabao(School of Law,Shandong University,Qingdao 266237,Shandong)

机构地区：[1]山东大学法学院,山东青岛266237

出　　处：《河北农业大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第3期55-66,共12页Journal of Hebei Agricultural University (SOCIAL SCIENCES)

基　　金：黑龙江省哲学社会科学研究规划年度项目:“协同共治型城乡环境风险治理法律供给研究”的阶段性成果(编号:22FXB097)。

摘　　要：农业面源污染已经成为制约农业生态环境可持续发展的瓶颈。污染控制目的导向下的“行为—罚则”规制模式因“先天不足、后天畸形”之弊病而成效不彰。激励和分配机制的不健全则促使各利益相关主体在农业面源污染的防治工作中做出逆向选择行为,进一步阻滞了法律规制举措的落实,使农业的绿色发展受制于“公地悲剧”的枷锁。以环境质量改善为核心目的,基于农业面源污染特性整合各类环境规制工具,在各利益相关主体之间建立起协同共治的机制,不断完善农业面源污染防治法律体系,构建更加适配于这一污染类型的法律规制模式,方能更为有效地回应好农业面源污染治理的时代之问。Agricultural non-point source pollution has become a bottleneck that restricts the sustainable development of agricultural ecological environment.The"behavior-penalty"regulatory model guided by the objective of pollution control has not been effective due to the drawbacks of"innate deficiencies and malformed evolution".Moreover,unsound incentive and distribution mechanisms has prompted various stakeholders to make adverse selection in the prevention and control of agricultural non-point source pollution,further hindering the implementation of legal regulatory measures and limiting the green development of agriculture to the shackles of"the tragedy of the commons".To more effectively respond to the challenges of agricultural non-point source pollution control,we should,with the core goal of improving environmental quality,integrate various environmental regulatory tools based on the characteristics of agricultural non-point source pollution,establish a collaborative governance mechanism among various stakeholders,continuously improve the legal system for preventing and controlling agricultural non-point source pollution,and construct a more suitable legal regulatory model for this type of pollution.

关 键 词：农业面源污染 环境规制工具 环境质量 法律规制模式 

分 类 号：F323[经济管理—产业经济]