医药化工企业职工颈肩部职业性肌肉骨骼疾患调查  

Prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders in neck and shoulder among workers in pharmaceutical and chemical enterprises

作　　者：郭震 朱斌斌 何晓庆[1] 陈强[1] GUO Zhen;ZHU Binbin;HE Xiaoqing;CHEN Qiang(Department of Environmental and Occupational Health,Jinhua Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Jinhua,Zhejiang 321000,China)

机构地区：[1]金华市疾病预防控制中心环境与职业卫生科,浙江金华321000

出　　处：《预防医学》2024年第6期527-531,共5页CHINA PREVENTIVE MEDICINE JOURNAL

基　　金：金华市科技计划项目(2023-4-172)。

摘　　要：目的了解医药化工企业职工颈部和肩部职业性肌肉骨骼疾患(WMSDs)的发生情况及其影响因素,为预防WMSDs提供依据。方法于2023年7—10月,采用分层随机抽样方法抽取浙江省金华市8家医药化工企业的职工为调查对象,通过问卷调查收集人口学信息、工作情况和WMSDs发生情况,采用多因素logistic回归模型分析颈部和肩部WMSDs的影响因素。结果调查1343人,其中男性496人,占36.93%;女性847人,占63.07%。年龄M(QR)为38(15)岁;当前岗位工龄M(QR)为6(8)年。检出WMSDs 356例,检出率为26.51%,其中颈部WMSDs 206例,检出率为15.34%;肩部WMSDs 167例,检出率为12.43%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,性别(女,OR=1.692,95%CI:1.203~2.381)、休息时间充足(OR=0.660,95%CI:0.471~0.926)和颈部长时间保持同一姿势(OR=1.690,95%CI:1.148~2.510)是颈部WMSDs的影响因素;性别(女,OR=1.572,95%CI:1.060~2.311)、休息时间充足(OR=0.619,95%CI:0.422~0.906)、工作每天重复(OR=1.678,95%CI:1.064~2.647)、工作姿势不舒适(OR=3.791,95%CI:1.330~10.803)、每分钟多次重复动作(OR:1.988~2.413,95%CI:1.060~4.161)和颈部长时间保持同一姿势(OR=1.926,95%CI:1.218~3.043)是肩部WMSDs的影响因素。结论金华市医药化工企业职工颈部和肩部WMSDs检出率较高,主要受性别、休息时间和不良工效学等因素的影响。Objective To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of work-related musculoskeletal disorders(WMSDs)in neck and shoulder among workers in pharmaceutical and chemical enterprises,so as to provide the basis for prevention of WMSDs.Methods Workers in 8 pharmaceutical and chemical enterprises in Jinhua City,Zhejiang Province from July to October 2023 were sampled using a stratified random sampling method,and demography,work conditions and WMSDs prevalence were collected using questionnaire surveys.Factors affecting WMSDs in neck and shoulder were analyzed using a multivariable logistic regression model.Results A total of 1343 workers were surveyed,including 496 males(36.93%)and 847 females(63.07%).The mean age of workers was 38(15)years,and the length of service in current posts was 6(8)years.There were 356 workers with WMSDs(26.51%),with 206 workers with neck WMSDs(15.34%)and 167 workers with shoulder WMSDs(12.43%).Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that gender(female,OR=1.692,95%CI:1.203-2.381),sufficient rest time(OR=0.660,95%CI:0.471-0.926)and maintaining same neck posture for a long time(OR=1.690,95%CI:1.148-2.510)were factors affecting neck WMSDs;gender(female,OR=1.572,95%CI:1.060-2.311),sufficient rest time(OR=0.619,95%CI:0.422-0.906),repetitive daily work(OR=1.678,95%CI:1.064-2.647),uncomfortable work posture(OR=3.791,95%CI:1.330-10.803),multiple repetitive movements per minute(OR:1.988-2.413,95%CI:1.060-4.161)and maintaining same neck posture for a long time(OR=1.926,95%CI:1.218-3.043)were factors affecting shoulder WMSDs.Conclusion The prevalence of WMSDs in neck and shoulder are high among workers in pharmaceutical and chemical enterprises in Jinhua City,and mainly affected by gender,rest time and adverse ergonomics.

关 键 词：职业性肌肉骨骼疾患 医药化工企业 影响因素 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]