进口冲击与劳动力工作转换  

Impact of Import and Job Change of Labor

作　　者：姚博 Yao Bo(National Academy of Economic Strategy,China Academy of Social Science,Beijing 100006)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院财经战略研究院,北京100006

出　　处：《财经理论研究》2024年第3期77-95,共19页Journal of Finance and Economics Theory

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目(16CJY035)。

摘　　要：本文采用2002—2006年关税下降变化和CHIP2007劳动力就业数据,考察了进口冲击对劳动力工作转换的影响。结果显示,进口冲击显著提升了城市的劳动力工作转换,关税下降每增加1个百分点,劳动力工作转换概率将会上升0.5381%,关税下降每增加10个百分点,劳动力工作转换频率将会提升0.16733次,这对于制造业更为明显。进口冲击导致加工贸易企业的经营绩效受损,与高技能劳动力相比,低技能劳动力工作转换受进口冲击的影响更大。研究表明,面对进口冲击的外部环境变化,应该进一步推进劳动力市场机制改革,增强不同技能偏向劳动力在城市工作岗位的匹配性,还要大力开展城市劳动力的终身职业培训制度。Based on the data of tariff reduction change from 2002 to 2006 and labor employment of CHIP2007,this paper examines the effect of import impact on labor job change.The analysis shows that the import impact has significantly improved the job transformation of labor.Every 1 percentage point increase in tariff reduction leads to a 0.5381%rise in the probability of labor′s job change;and every ten percentage points increase in tariff reduction leads to a 0.1673 increase in the frequency of job change of labor.This is more obvious in the manufacturing sector.Import impact adversely affects the business performance of processing trade enterprises,and the job changes of low skilled labor are more susceptible to import impact compared to high-skilled labor.The study suggests that in the face of external circumstances changes brought about by impact of import,further reforms for labor market mechanism should be promoted to enhance the job matching of labors with different skill orientations in urban areas.Additionally,a lifelong vocational training system for urban labor should be vigorously implemented.

关 键 词：进口冲击 关税下降 劳动力 工作转换 

分 类 号：F241[经济管理—劳动经济]