矿山生态地质环境问题与治理措施  

Ecological geological environment problems and governance measures in mines

作　　者：孟飞 高欢 张公 许一川 Meng Fei;Gao Huan;Zhang Gong;Xu Yichuan(Ecological Environment Geo-service Center of Henan Geological Bureau,Zhengzhou 450053,China;The Second Geological and Mineral Survey Institute in Henan Province,Zhengzhou 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省地质局生态环境地质服务中心,河南郑州450053 [2]河南省第二地质矿产调查院有限公司,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《能源与环保》2024年第5期139-145,152,共8页CHINA ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

摘　　要：矿山在开采过程中可诱发多类型及不同程度地质灾害的发生。经对研究区内矿山地质灾害现状、采矿活动对含水层、地形地貌景观、土地资源的细致研究,再基于叠图法进行定量校核可知,矿山生态地质环境破坏影响程度严重区分布约19.3 km^(2),较严重区分布约3.4714 km^(2)。基于此,提出了矿山地质环境治理措施,主要有地面塌陷、地裂缝防治工程措施、地貌景观修复措施、含水层保护措施、矿山生态地质环境监测工程措施以及主要含水层防治监测工程措施,研究为矿山后期生态地质环境科学、高效地得到保护与治理的具体实施提供了技术支持。Mining operations can trigger various types and different degrees of geological hazards.After a detailed study of the current situation of geological disasters in mines within the research area,the impact of mining activities on aquifers,terrain and landscape,and land resources,and quantitative verification based on the overlay method,it was concluded that the distribution of areas with severe ecological and geological environmental damage in mines was about 19.3 km^(2),and the distribution of areas with more severe damage was about 3.4714 km^(2).Based on these findings,a series of measures for the governance measures of the geological environment in the coal mine were proposed.These measures encompass ground subsidence,fissure prevention and control engineering measures,landscape restoration measures,aquifer protection measures,ecological geological environment monitoring engineering measures,and primary aquifer prevention and monitoring engineering measures.The research provides technical support for the scientific and efficient protection and governance of the ecological geological environment in the later stage of mining.

关 键 词：煤矿 矿山 生态地质环境 评价与治理 

分 类 号：TD167[矿业工程—矿山地质测量] P694[天文地球—地质学]