从《沈阳百咏》探析光绪初年盛京城人居文化景观  

Cultural Landscape of Human Settlements in Shengjing City in the Early Guangxu Period Based on Shenyang Baiyong

作　　者：谢淼伊娜 王飒[1,2] XIE Miaoyina;WANG Sa(School of Architecture and Planning,Shenyang Jianzhu University;Key Laboratory of Regional Architecture and Human Settlements Science of Cold Areas in Liaoning Province,Shenyang Jianzhu University)

机构地区：[1]沈阳建筑大学建筑与规划学院 [2]沈阳建筑大学辽宁省区域建筑学与寒地人居科学重点实验室

出　　处：《风景园林》2024年第6期133-139,共7页Landscape Architecture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金“东北‘女真-满族’聚落变迁及其演进机制研究”(编号52278028);辽宁省社科规划基金“辽宁古代城镇地方志史料挖掘及其明清时期变迁研究”(编号L22BTQ005)。

摘　　要：【目的】从人居环境学的角度,探究在清末外部变化影响下仍是帝国陪都的盛京城内文化景观和城市空间变化,以填补盛京城清末文化景观研究的不足。【方法】以《沈阳百咏》为依据,运用文本挖掘语义分析、时间地理学分析、历史地理空间分析量化光绪初年盛京城人居文化景观类型和时空信息,探讨文化景观的分布规律,并通过对比清朝前、中、末期城市空间,总结光绪初年盛京城的风貌特点。【结果】将盛京城人居文化景观归纳为“游憩玩赏”“盛京旧制”“市井生活”“信俗集会”4个一级分类及15个二级分类,发现文化景观类型与季节农时有强关联,不同文化景观在地理空间分布上有显著差异,整体上集中于关厢地带,城北景观密度高于城南。通过将《沈阳百咏》中城市空间与清前、中期城市空间对比发现,光绪初年盛京城已成为有满族特色的地方中心性城市。【结论】对《沈阳百咏》的深入挖掘填补了清末盛京城文化景观研究的缺环,为清代盛京城研究提供新思路,同时也为后续通过诗文分析盛京城文化景观格局提供了参考。[Objective]The current research on Shengjing City(today's Shenyang City,Liaoning Province,China)mainly focuses on fields such as architecture,urban history,planning history,landscape science and folklore,and the issues of interest include urban spatial patterns,morphological changes,landscape construction,influence of multi-ethnic integration on urban development,etc.However,there is scant research on the cultural landscape in historical periods from the perspective of the science of human settlement.Moreover,due to the lack of official historical materials on Shengjing City in the late Qing Dynasty,the research on Shengjing City seldom involves this historical period.The early Guangxu period marked the final stage of the feudal monarchy.As the secondary capital then,Shengjing was on the eve of the collapse of the old order.The book Shenyang Baiyong written in the fourth year of the Guangxu period can serve as a historical snapshot.It explores the cultural landscapes and the urban spatial changes of Shengjing City,which remained an imperial secondary capital under the external changes of the late Qing Dynasty,from the perspective of the science of human settlement,and is of great significance for filling the gap in the research on the cultural landscape in Shengjing City in the late Qing Dynasty.[Methods]This research uses methods such as text mining analysis,spatialtemporal geographical analysis,and historical geospatial analysis to quantitatively analyze the types of cultural landscapes described by Miao Runfu in Shenyang Baiyong,as well as the spatio-temporal information of these cultural landscapes,and to explore their distribution patterns.Specifically,the research firstly uses the ROST CM6 content mining system to extract highfrequency characters from the poems in Shenyang Baiyong through text mining analysis,and categorizes these high-frequency characters based on the nature of activities in cultural landscapes,spatial locations of these landscapes,and historical and cultural characteristics of Shengjing C

关 键 词：文化景观 人居环境学 诗词 文本挖掘 时空结构 清代盛京城 

分 类 号：K901[历史地理—人文地理学] TU984.2[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]