大豆抗营养因子、病毒和激素的蛋白酶活性  

The Protease Activity of Soy Trypsin Inhibitor,Soy Antigen Proteins,Virus Antigen Protein and Animal Hormones

作　　者：丁宏标[1] DING Hongbiao(Institute of Feed Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院饲料研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《饲料工业》2024年第11期1-5,共5页Feed Industry

基　　金：国家盐碱地综合利用技术创新团队项目;国家重点研发计划政府间重点专项[2018YFE0111800]。

摘　　要：大豆蛋白中的蛋白酶抑制剂(如胰蛋白酶抑制因子、大豆抗原蛋白)是大豆发芽的关键内源水解酶蛋白酶A1和多肽酶。抗胰蛋白酶抑制因子和胃蛋白酶、胰蛋白酶在一起时,前者蛋白水解酶活性更高,抗逆性更强,可以降解动物消化酶,而不是被消化酶降解。多种病毒的衣壳蛋白为蛋白酶,衣壳蛋白与膜蛋白受体结合后降解膜蛋白,使细胞完整性受损,导致细胞启动胞吞机制,或者形成膜裂纹,将被破坏的膜蛋白包括病毒一起内吞,形成胞内小囊泡,开启病毒感染机制。病毒是一种被DNA或者是RNA封装的蛋白酶,蛋白酶帮助核酸进入宿主细胞复制增殖。免疫反应是防御蛋白酶与病毒蛋白酶的酶促反应,是蛋白酶和蛋白酶的反应,因此特异性很强。文章提出了一些营养生理学和预防医学见解。The protease inhibitors in soy protein,such as trypsin inhibitor and soy antigen protein,and the endogenous hydrolytic enzymes,protease A1 and peptidase,involved in soybean germination,are the same substance.When the anti trypsin inhibitor met pepsin and trypsin in the gastrointestinal tract,its proteolytic enzyme activity is higher,its digestive resistance is better,and it can degrade pepsin and trypsin instead of being degraded by them.The capsid protein of a virus is a protease.After binding with the membrane protein,the capsid protein degrades the membrane protein,causing damage to cell integrity and initiating the endocytosis mechanism,or make a crack in the cell membrane.The destroyed membrane protein,including the virus,is internalized together to form intracellular vesicles,initiating the virus infection mechanism.The species specificity of viral infection is mainly determined by the difference in replication efficiency of viral DNA nucleic acids in different animal and plant species,by the homology between nucleic acids and infected host DNA,and by the efficiency of viral replication in the host cell nucleus.Immune response does not exist,antibodies are tissue repair proteins.This article presents some insights into nutritional physiology and preventive medicine.

关 键 词：蛋白酶 蛋白酶抑制剂 病毒 激素 胞饮 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]