史前考古学文化的演变与嬗变——以青海宗日遗址为中心  

The Evolution and Succession of Prehistoric Archaeological Cultures—— The Neolithicsite of Zongri in Qinghai as the Center

作　　者：汤惠生[1] TANG Huisheng(School of History and Culture,Hebei Normal University,Shijiazhuang 050024,China)

机构地区：[1]河北师范大学历史文化学院,河北石家庄050024

出　　处：《齐鲁学刊》2024年第3期38-58,共21页Qilu Journal

摘　　要：青海省海南州宗日遗址包含有新石器时代晚期的宗日文化、马家窑文化和青铜时代的齐家文化、卡约文化。这几种考古学文化在宗日遗址上展示出演变、进化和嬗变三种文明的起源与发展模式,为我们了解考古学文化的进程提供了丰富而生动的第一手资料。宗日文化、马家窑文化和齐家文化之间的关系由于都是以农业为主导的定居文化,所以呈现出碰撞、融汇和适应的包容关系;而卡约文化替续齐家文化时,由于完全不同的经济模式、生活方式以及社会形态,故显示出暴力的对抗和革命的关系。The Zongri site in Hainan Prefecture,Qinghai Province,includes the Zongri culture,the Majiayao culture of the late Neolithic period,and the Qijia and Kayue cultures of the Bronze Age.These various archaeological cultures display three patterns of origin and development of the civilizations at the Zongri site:evolution,progress,and succession,which provides us with rich and vivid first-hand materials for understanding the process of archaeological culture.The relationship between the Zongri culture,Majiayao culture,and Qijia culture is inclusive,featuring collisions,integration,and adaptation due to their settled cultures dominated by agriculture.In contrast,the succession of the Qijia culture by the Kayue culture shows a violent confrontation and revolutionary relationship due to their completely different economic models,lifestyles,and social structures.

关 键 词：青海史前考古学文化 宗日文化 马家窑文化 齐家文化 卡约文化 演变与嬗变 藏彝走廊 

分 类 号：K878[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]