弥勒信仰:中国民间宗教的思想核心  

Faith in Maitreya:The Core of Thought in Chinese Folk Religion

作　　者：濮文起 Pu Wenqi

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学人文科学高等研究院,陕西西安710119

出　　处：《文史哲》2024年第3期44-54,165,共12页Literature,History,and Philosophy

基　　金：国家社科基金重大招标项目“中国民间宗教思想史”(18ZDA232);陕西省社会科学基金项目“中国河西宝卷文献集成与研究”(2020HO14)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：自北魏宣武帝延昌四年(515)佛教僧人法庆以弥勒信仰创立大乘教、梁武帝大通元年(527)佛教居士傅翕以弥勒信仰创立弥勒教以来,弥勒信仰在此后的千年流传过程中,一直是中国民间宗教的思想核心。其中,元末白莲教的彰显与弘传,明中叶无为教、黄天道、东大乘教的继承与发展,明末清初大乘天真圆顿教的集大成与体系化,使弥勒信仰更加深入民间社会,赢得了广大民众云合景从,因而引领了一场旷日持久的民间宗教信仰运动以及由此转化的连绵不断的民众武装反抗运动。Ever since the establishment of Mahayana by the Buddhist monk Fa Qing in A.D.515,the fourth year of the reign of Emperor Xuanwu of the Northern Wei,and the establishment of the Maitreya Society by the Buddhist householder Fu Xi in A.D.527,the first year of the reign of Emperor Wu of Liang,the faith in Maitreya had always been the core of thought in Chinese folk religion during its spreading for thousands of years.Back then,the faith in Maitreya was further enhanced by many other sects in Chinese folk religion.The establishment and development of the White Lotus Society in late Yuan dynasty,the growth of Wuwei Sect and inheritance and development of Huangtian Sect and Eastern Mahayana in the mid-Ming dynasty,as well as the systemization and maturity of Yuandun Sect in the late Ming and early Qing period,all helped the faith in Maitreya going deeper among people with increasingly larger followers.There also underlay the long-lasting movement of folk religion and continuous movements of armed resistance initiated continuously by the public.

关 键 词：弥勒信仰 中国民间宗教 大乘佛教 信仰运动 反抗运动 

分 类 号：B948[哲学宗教—宗教学] K23[历史地理—历史学]