含氟废液资源化制备氟化钠的工艺研究  

Research on process of preparing sodium fluoride from waste liquid containing fluorine as resource

作　　者：邓国平 伍勇 段利中 任至 吴莉鑫 DENG Guoping;WU Yong;DUAN Lizhong;REN Zhi;WU Lixin(TCL Environmental Protection Technology Co.,Ltd.,Huizhou 516000,China;Huanggang TCL Environmental Technol-ogy Co.,Ltd.,Huanggang 438000,China;Xinyangfeng Agricultural Technology Co.,Ltd.,Jingmen 448000,China)

机构地区：[1]TCL环保科技股份有限公司,广东惠州516000 [2]黄冈TCL环境科技有限公司,湖北黄冈438000 [3]新洋丰农业科技股份有限公司,湖北荆门448000

出　　处：《无机盐工业》2024年第6期133-138,共6页Inorganic Chemicals Industry

摘　　要：萤石资源的短缺导致氟类资源紧张,为缓解氟资源的压力,需充分提高氟资源的有效利用率。以含氟化铵或氢氟酸废水为原料,采用沉淀法将含氟废液中的游离氟资源化制备氟化钠,研究了制备过程中反应时间、温度、p H和钠盐对氟化钠产品品质的影响,探究了反应后滤液的回用次数及效果。研究结果表明:氟化铵废液在反应时间为120 min、反应温度为85℃的条件下,氟离子与氯化钠中钠离子的物质的量比为1∶1反应时,制备的氟化钠品质最佳(98.30%),产率为67.92%,反应后滤液除氟后蒸发,氯化铵的含氮质量分数为24.47%,达到农业用氯化铵合格品要求;含氢氟酸废液通过中和法加氢氧化钠调节pH至6,制备的氟化钠的质量分数为98.15%,且滤液至少能回用5次。该研究实现了不同成分的含氟废液均可资源化制备氟化钠的工艺流程,极大程度减少了氟资源的浪费,使氟资源得到充分有效的利用。The shortage of fluorite resources leads to the shortage of fluorine resources.In order to relieve the pressure of fluorine resources,it is necessary to fully improve the effective utilization rate of fluorine resources.The free fluorine in the waste liquid containing fluorine was recycled to prepare sodium fluoride by precipitation method with ammonium fluoride or hydrofluoric acid waste water as raw materials.The effects of reaction time,temperature,pH,and sodium salts on the quality of sodium fluoride products during the preparation process were studied,and the reuse frequency and effect of the filtrate after the reaction were explored.The results showed that when the reaction time of ammonium fluoride waste liquid was 120 min,the reaction temperature was 85 ℃ and the molar ratio of fluoride ions to sodium ions in sodium chloride was 1∶1,the quality of prepared sodium fluoride was best(98.30%) and the yield was 67.92%.After the reaction,the filtrate was evaporated after defluorination,and the nitrogen content of ammonium chloride reached 24.47%,which was met the requirements of agricultural ammonium chloride qualified products.The pH of the waste liquid containing hydrofluoric acid was adjusted to 6 by neutralization and sodium hydroxide.The mass fraction of sodium fluoride was 98.15%,and the filtrate could be reused at least 5 times.The process of preparing sodium fluoride from waste liquid containing fluorine with different components was realized in this work,which greatly reduced the waste of fluorine resources and made the fluorine resources fully and effectively utilized.

关 键 词：氟化钠 氟化铵废液 氢氟酸废液 资源化 

分 类 号：TQ124.3[化学工程—无机化工]