农产品加工废水处理工艺技术发展现状及展望  

Development Status and Prospects of Agricultural Product Processing Wastewater Treatment Technology

作　　者：毕峰华 陈孝天 陈盼 王也 张克 谢安 吕黄珍 王世光 BI Fenghua;CHEN Xiaotian;CHEN Pan;WANG Ye;ZHANG Ke;XIE An;LV Huangzhen;WANG Shiguang(China National Packaging and Food Machinery Corporation,Beijing 100083,China;Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国包装和食品机械有限公司,北京100083 [2]中国农业机械化科学研究院集团有限公司,北京100083

出　　处：《农业工程》2024年第5期63-67,共5页AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

基　　金：(2023年)国有资本经营预算“丘陵山区实用高效农机装备技术攻关与能力提升”项目“农产品加工废水脉冲曝气一体化处理关键技术试验平台及装备研发”。

摘　　要：农产品加工过程产生的废水因含有高浓度有机物和营养物质会导致水体富营养化,促进藻类过度繁殖,进而破坏水生态平衡。废水中的化学物质可能对水生生物造成毒性影响,导致生物多样性减少。废水中可能还含有病原体和寄生虫等微生物,对环境与食品安全及人类健康构成重大威胁。传统废水处理方法存在处理成本高、效率低和适用范围小等问题,优化处理工艺、应用先进技术,在提高处理效率效果和扩大适用范围方面取得显著进展。物联网和大数据技术的应用,有望大幅提高水处理设备的智能化水平,以及数据收集、整理、分析效率。未来,废水处理技术装备将聚焦提升处理效率、降低能耗、扩大应用范围、强化资源回收利用,以及推动废水处理装备智能化管理等方面。Wastewater generated during processing of agricultural products contain high concentrations of organic matter and nutrients,which can lead to eutrophication of water bodies,promote excessive proliferation of algae,and ultimately disrupt water ecological balance.Chemicals in wastewater may have toxic effects on aquatic organisms,leading to a decrease in biodiversity.In addition,wastewater may also contain microorganisms such as pathogens and parasites,posing significant threat to environment,food safety,and human health.Traditional sewage treatment methods have problems such as high treatment costs,low efficiency,and limited applicability.Significant progress has been made in optimizing treatment processes and applying advanced technologies to improve treatment efficiency and expand scope of application.Application of internet of things and big data technology was expected to significantly improve intelligence level of water treatment equipment and efficiency of data collection,organization and analysis.In the future,wastewater treatment technology and equipment will focus on improving treatment efficiency,reducing energy consumption,expanding application scope,strengthening resource recycling,and promoting intelligent management of wastewater treatment equipment.

关 键 词：农产品加工 废水处理 生物处理 膜生物反应器 膜污染 氧化技术 

分 类 号：S273[农业科学—农业水土工程]