不同生长条件下切花向日葵生产效益和碳足迹分析  

Production Efficiency and Carbon Footprint Analysis of Cut Flowers Sunflower under Different Growing Conditions

作　　者：刘明[1] 上蒙飞 张迪[1] 何欢 LIU Ming;SHANG Mengfei;ZHANG Di;HE Huan(Yangling Vocational and Technical College,Yangling Shaanxi 712100,China;Yangling Feiyue Agricultural Technology Co.,Ltd.,Yangling Shaanxi 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]杨凌职业技术学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]杨凌飞月农业科技有限公司,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《农业工程》2024年第5期74-78,共5页AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

摘　　要：为探究切花向日葵种植碳足迹和经济效益,调研切花向日葵种植企业,利用生命周期评价法评估露地、拱棚和日光温室3种不同生长条件下切花向日葵碳排放,核算生产成本和效益。结果表明,露地切花向日葵种植碳足迹2174.46 kg/hm^(2)、种植成本51994元/hm^(2)、收入178608元/hm^(2);拱棚切花向日葵种植碳足迹2041.13 kg/hm^(2)、种植成本59443元/hm^(2)、收入175973元/hm^(2);日光温室切花向日葵种植碳足迹2038.92 kg/hm^(2)、生产成本58465元/hm^(2)、收入179544元/hm^(2)。3种不同生长条件下切花向日葵种植的主要成本均来自人工、种子、土地、肥料和设施租金,碳排放最主要的来源均为有机肥和氮肥。在未来切花向日葵种植中,可通过优化生产技术提高肥料利用率,研发专用机械降低劳动力投入,增加轮作等途径来实现减排增收的目的。In order to explore carbon footprint and economic benefits of cut flower sunflower production,carbon emissions of cut flower sunflower under three different growing of open field,arch shed and solar greenhouse were evaluated by life cycle assessment method,and production cost and benefit were calculated.Results showed that carbon footprint of cut flower sunflower production in open field was 2174.46 kg/hm^(2),production cost was 51994 yuan/hm^(2),and income was 178608 yuan/hm^(2).Carbon footprint of sunflower production in arch shed was 2041.13 kg/hm^(2),production cost was 59443 yuan/hm^(2),and income was 175973 yuan/hm^(2).Carbon footprint of sunflower production in solar greenhouse was 2038.92 kg/hm^(2),production cost was 58465 yuan/hm^(2),and income was 179544 yuan/hm^(2).Main cost of cut flower sunflower production under three different growing conditions came from labor,seeds,fertilizer and land rent,and main sources of carbon emissions were manure and nitrogen fertilizer.In the future production of cut flowers and sunflowers,purpose of reducing emissions and increasing income could be achieved by optimizing production technology,improving fertilizer utilization,developing special machinery,reducing labor input,and increasing crop rotation.

关 键 词：切花向日葵 碳足迹 生产效益 碳排放 设施农业 

分 类 号：S26[农业科学—农业水土工程]