秸秆、枝条堆肥及堆肥产品中重金属在蚯蚓体内的富集行为  

Accumulation of heavy metals in earthworms from compost products of straw,branch composting

作　　者：李嘉欣 韩有志[2] 刘奋武[1] 冯鸿斌 张健[1] 毕文龙 徐韶足 秦俊梅[1] LI Jiaxin;HAN Youzhi;LIU Fenwu;Feng Hongbin;ZHANG Jian;BI Wenlong;XU Shaozu;QIN Junmei(College of Resources and Environment,Shanxi Agricultural University,Jinzhong 030801,China;College of Forestry,Shanxi Agricultural University,Jinzhong 030801,China;Beijing Huacai Tendering Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100071,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学资源环境学院,山西晋中030801 [2]山西农业大学林学院,山西晋中030801 [3]北京华采招标集团有限公司,北京100071

出　　处：《生物加工过程》2024年第3期309-317,共9页Chinese Journal of Bioprocess Engineering

基　　金：山西省农业科技成果转化和推广示范项目(K272022003);山西省重点研发计划(201803D221002-2,201903D221015);山西省青年科技研究基金(201901D211355);山西省“1331工程”资助项目(20211331-15)。

摘　　要：提高堆肥效率的同时降低堆肥产品中重金属毒性是环境领域关注的热点。本文以玉米秸秆、果树枝条和猪粪为原料,考察3种堆肥发酵菌剂的腐熟效果,从中筛选1种最佳发酵菌剂开展中试堆肥试验,探究蚯蚓对堆肥产品中重金属的富集能力。结果表明:菌剂3对堆肥的腐熟效果最佳;添加发酵菌剂有利于高温的维持并促进有机质的分解和转化,提高堆肥中的全氮、全磷和全钾含量,增幅最大值分别为23.42%、11.36%和20.00%。蚯蚓生物有效性试验表明:蚯蚓在果树枝条+猪粪堆肥中的繁殖能力最强,增长了5.76倍,总体可见,蚯蚓对所有处理的重金属有一定的富集能力。菌剂3在菌剂筛选和中试堆肥试验中均可提高堆肥效果,在实际中可广泛应用,且蚯蚓对堆肥产品中重金属的积累有一定的贡献。Composting has been a hot topic in the field of environment as we explore novel approaches with higher transformation efficiency and less toxicity of heavy metals in compost products.By utilizing maize straw,branches of fruit trees and pig manure as the main raw material,we studied the effects of three microorganism agents on composting,from which the best bacterium agent was chosen for medium-scale compost experiment.At the same time,we evaluated the heavy metal enrichment to earthworms in compost products.As a result,the microorganism agent 3 led to the best composting.The medium-scale compost experiment indicated that this agent could maintain the high temperature,promote the decomposition and transformation of organic matter.The contents of total nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium were significantly improved in this case,with the maximum increase of 23.42%,11.36%and 20.00%,respectively.In the earthworm bioavailability tests,the accumulation of heavy metals in earthworms was observed in all treatments,with the strongest enrichment effect(5.76-fold increase)for the treatment of pig manure-fruit tree branches.Overall,the microbial agent 3 demonstrated the potential for wide application in composting field.

关 键 词：玉米秸秆 果树枝条 猪粪 重金属 蚯蚓 

分 类 号：S141[农业科学—肥料学]