不同培养基组分对“台农一号”杧花粉萌发和花粉管生长特性的影响  

Effects of different culture medium components on pollen germination and pollen tube growth characteristics of Tainong No.1 mango

作　　者：董龙[1] 蔡昭艳[1] 王葫青 黄章保 邱文武[1] 方位宽[1] 邓彪[1] 王小媚[1] 苏伟强[1] 刘业强[1] 任惠[1] DONG Long;CAI Zhaoyan;WANG Huqing;HUANG Zhangbao;QIU Wenwu;FANG Weikuan;DENG Biao;WANG Xiaomei;SU Weiqiang;LIU Yeqiang;REN Hui(Horticultural Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanning,Guangxi,530007,China;Longlin Ethnic Autonomous County Fruit Tea Industry Production Technical Guidance Station,Longlin,Guangxi,533400,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区农业科学院园艺研究所,南宁530007 [2]隆林各族自治县水果茶叶产业生产技术指导站,广西百色533400

出　　处：《中国南方果树》2024年第3期133-139,共7页South China Fruits

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFD1100106);财政部和农业农村部—国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-31);广西科技重大专项(桂科AA22068098-3);广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项(桂农科2021YT046);广西特色作物试验站“广西田东杧果试验站”;广西农业科学院科技发展基金(桂农科2017JM16)资助。

摘　　要：为筛选“台农一号”杧花粉体外培养最适培养基和培养时间,探讨不同培养基组分和培养时间对其花粉体外萌发及花粉管生长的影响,以15%蔗糖+25%聚乙二醇-4000+0.015%硼酸+0.03%钙+0.02%镁+0.01%钾为基础培养基,分别设置1、2、3、4、5、6 h培养,不同蔗糖、硼酸、聚乙二醇-4000、钙、镁、钾浓度梯度单因素及蔗糖、硼酸、聚乙二醇-40003个因素正交试验,统计比较不同处理的花粉萌发率和花粉管生长长度。结果表明,培养时间,培养基中蔗糖、聚乙二醇-4000、硼酸对花粉萌发及花粉管生长均有显著影响,而钙、镁、钾影响不显著。培养2~3 h即可统计花粉萌发率及测量花粉管长度。随着培养基中蔗糖、聚乙二醇-4000、硼酸浓度增加,花粉萌发率及花粉管长度均呈现先增加后降低的趋势,适宜浓度的3个组分能够促进花粉萌发及花粉管生长,浓度过高则起抑制作用。3个因素之间存在明显的互作效应,蔗糖与聚乙二醇-4000的互作效应突出。说明培养基中蔗糖、聚乙二醇-4000、硼酸是花粉体外萌发的必需成分,钙、镁、钾为非必需成分。“台农一号”杧花粉体外萌发及花粉管生长的最适培养基为15%蔗糖+20%聚乙二醇-4000+0.015%硼酸+0.03%钙+0.02%镁+0.01%钾,适宜培养时间为3 h,此条件下花粉萌发率达到83.40%。In order to screen the optimal medium and culture time for in vitro cultivation of Tainong No.1 mango pollen,study the effects of different medium components and culture time on pollen germination and pollen tube growth,the basal culture medium of 15%sucrose+25%polyethylene glycol-4000+0.015%boric acid+0.03%calcium+0.02%magnesium+0.01%potassium was used and the culture time was set for 1,2,3,4,5,and 6 hours.Different concentrations gradient of sucrose,boric acid,PEG-4000,calcium,magnesium,and potassium were set in the single factor experiment.The orthogonal experiment included three factors of sucrose,boric acid,and PEG-4000.The pollen germination rates and pollen tube lengths of different treatments were statistically compared.The results showed that the culture time,sucrose,PEG-4000 and boric acid in the culture medium had significant effects on pollen germination and pollen tube growth,while calcium,magnesium and potassium had no significant effects.The statistics of mango pollen germination and pollen tube measurement can be conducted after 2-3 h of culture.Pollen germination rate and pollen tube length increased at first and then decreased with the increase of concentrations of sucrose,PEG-4000 and boric acid.These three components with appropriate concentrations could promote pollen germination and pollen tube growth,while higher concentrations had inhibitory effect.There was a significant interaction effect between the three factors.The interaction effect between sucrose and polyethylene glycol-4000 was prominent,indicating that sucrose,PEG-4000,and boric acid are essential components for pollen germination in vitro,while calcium,magnesium,and potassium are non-essential components.The optimum proportions of medium components for in vitro germination of pollen and pollen tube growth of Tainong No.1 mango were 15%sucrose+20%PEG-4000+0.015%H 3BO 3+0.03%Ca(NO 3)2·4H 2O+0.02%MgSO 4·7H 2O+0.01%KNO 3 with optimum culture time of 3 hours.Under these conditions,the pollen germination rate could reach 83.40%.

关 键 词：“台农一号” 杧果 离体花粉 培养基组分 萌发率 花粉管长度 

分 类 号：Q94[生物学—植物学]