粉蕉苗期吸芽发育特点及内源激素响应特性  

Characteristics of sucker development and endogenous hormone response in seedling stage of dwarf banana

作　　者：莫天利 龙芳 邹瑜 武鹏 赵明 黄相 何海旺 MO Tianli;LONG Fang;ZOU Yu;WU Peng;ZHAO Ming;HUANG Xiang;HE Haiwang(Biotechnology Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanning,Guangxi,530007,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区农业科学院生物技术研究所,南宁530007

出　　处：《中国南方果树》2024年第3期166-170,共5页South China Fruits

基　　金：广西自然科学基金(2022GXNSFAA035543);广西科技重大专项(桂科AA22068090);广西农业科学院项目(桂农科2023YM89、桂农科2021YT088、桂农科2021JM78);国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-31)资助。

摘　　要：吸芽是香蕉着生于地下茎上的一种营养体,可选留作母株或种苗,过多吸芽会与母株竞争营养,研究香蕉吸芽生长与其内源激素含量变化的相关性可为调控吸芽提供参考,以“育粉6号”粉蕉为试材,对6叶龄、10叶龄、20叶龄及25叶龄的球茎组织解剖观测吸芽分化情况,并测定不同叶龄球茎内生长素(吲哚-3-乙酸)、细胞分裂素和独脚金内酯含量,分析吸芽发育指标变化量与激素含量相关性。结果表明,“育粉6号”粉蕉在10叶龄阶段后开始吸芽发育过程,芽眼和伸长芽增长速率基本保持恒定,吲哚-3-乙酸、细胞分裂素和独脚金内酯含量也基本保持恒定;独脚金内酯和吲哚-3-乙酸含量与芽眼数存在显著负相关。说明独脚金内酯作为生长素的第二信使负调控粉蕉的吸芽发育,在表面芽点发育为芽眼这个阶段发挥作用。细胞分裂素与吸芽发育指标之间无显著相关性,表明其在内部芽点-外部芽点-芽眼-伸长芽的发育过程中不存在促进作用。Sucker is a vegetative organ generated from the underground stems of banana,which could be reserved as a mother plant or seedling.Excessive suckers would compete with the mother plant for nutrients.Studying the correlation between the growth of sucker and the change of endogenous hormone content can provide a reference for regulating of sucker.In this paper,the cultivar Yufen No.6 of Pisang Awak was used as the research material,the bulb tissue was dissected to observe the sucker differentiation at 6-leaf age,10-leaf age,20-leaf age and 25-leaf age.The contents of auxin(Indole-3-acetic acid,IAA),cytokinin and strigolactone in the suckers of different leaf ages were measured,and the correlation between the change in sucker development index and hormone content was analyzed.The results showed that the development process of sucker of Yufen No.6 began after 10-leaf age.The growth rate of bud eyes and elongation buds remained basically constant,the levels of IAA,cytokinin and strigolactone were also basically constant.There was a significant negative correlation between strigolactone and auxin content with the number of buds.These results indicated that strigolactone,as the second messenger of auxin,negatively regulated the sucker development of Pisang Awak and played a role in the development of bud spots into bud eyes.There was no significant correlation between cytokinin and bud development indicators,indicating that it did not promote the development of internal spots bud,external spots bud,bud eye,and elongation bud.

关 键 词：粉蕉 苗期 吸芽 叶龄 芽点 吲哚-3-乙酸 

分 类 号：S66[农业科学—果树学]