海藻精处理对夏黑葡萄品质的影响  

Effect of seaweed extract treatment on the quality of Summer Black grape

作　　者：敖冬慧 李永平 张卉 李富佳 段永华 唐卿雁[1,2,3] AO Donghui;LI Yongping;ZHANG Hui;LI Fujia;DUAN Yonghua;TANG Qingyan(College of Food Science and Technology,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming,Yunnan,650201,China;National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation&Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming,Yunnan,650201,China;Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming,Yunnan,650201,China;Green Food Development Center of Yunnan Province,Kunming,Yunnan,650201,China;Yuxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Yuxi,Yunnan,653100,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学食品科学技术学院,昆明650201 [2]云南农业大学西南中药材种质创新与利用国家地方联合工程研究中心,昆明650201 [3]云南农业大学云南省药用植物生物学重点实验室,昆明650201 [4]云南省绿色食品发展中心,昆明650224 [5]玉溪市农业科学院,云南玉溪653100

出　　处：《中国南方果树》2024年第3期192-199,共8页South China Fruits

基　　金：云南省重大科技专项(2019ZG002);中国工程院院地合作项目(2021YNYB4);云南省现代农业水果产业技术体系项目(2017KJTX0012-06)资助。

摘　　要：以夏黑葡萄为试验材料,研究海藻精不同喷施次数处理对夏黑葡萄品质的影响,确定海藻精的最佳喷施处理次数,为夏黑葡萄的种植、品质提升提供参考依据。对开始转色的果穗每隔10 d喷施1次0.25%海藻精,共喷施5次,测定单果质量、果形指数、单宁、维生素C、可溶性固形物、可滴定酸、总糖、色差值等指标,并进行单因素方差分析和相关性分析。结果表明,喷施0.25%海藻精后,可溶性固形物含量增加0.56%,总糖含量增加35.71%~74.69%,糖酸比增加31.27%~73.35%。维生素C含量在喷施1次时显著增加了7.03%。当喷施2次时,可滴定酸和单宁含量显著降低了12.90%、86.34%;色泽方面,L*、a*、h°和CIRG值增加,而b*和C*值降低。喷施1次时单果质量增加幅度最大,为4.17%,果形指数降低了2.06%~3.31%,果皮硬度降低了0.77%~18.85%,果肉硬度降低了1.02%~25.51%。横径和纵径在喷施3次时增加的幅度最大,分别为4.23%、1.54%。通过相关性分析显示,单果质量、果形指数、单宁、维生素C、可溶性固形物、可滴定酸、总糖、色差值等指标之间存在一定的相关性。综上所述:采用0.25%海藻精喷施夏黑葡萄1~3次,能提高葡萄果实的营养价值和果实品质,为夏黑葡萄的优质、高产提供了理论依据和技术指导。Using Summer Black grape as experimental material,the effects of different spraying times of seaweed extract on the quality of Summer Black grape were studied to determine the best spraying times of seaweed extract to provide reference for the planting and quality improvement of Summer Black grape.After spraying 0.25%seaweed extract every 10 days on young fruit clusters after flowering for a total of 5 times,the weight of single fruit,fruit shape index,the content of tannin,vitamin C,soluble solids,titratable acid and total sugar,and color difference value were measured,and one-way ANOVA and correlation analysis were conducted.The results showed that compared with control,spraying 0.25%seaweed extract increased the soluble solids content,total sugar content,the sugar-acid ratio by 0.56%,35.71%-74.69%,31.27%-73.35%,respectively.The content of vitamin C was significantly increased by 7.03%after one spray.When seaweed extract was sprayed twice,the content of titrable acid and tannin decreased by 12.90%and 86.34%,respectively.In terms of color,L*,a*,h°and CIRG values increased,b*and C*values decreased.In terms of fruit characteristics,the single fruit weight was increased by 4.17%when spraying once.Fruit shape index,peel hardness and pulp hardness was decreased by 2.06%-3.31%,0.77%-18.85%,and 1.02%-25.51%,respectively.The transverse diameter and longitudinal diameter were increased by 4.23%and 1.54%,respectively when spraying seaweed extract for three times.The correlation analysis showed that fruit weight,fruit shape index,tannin,vitamin C,soluble solids,titrable acid,total sugar and color difference were correlated to some extent.Applying 0.25%seaweed extract to Summer Black grape for 1-3 times could improve the nutritional value and fruit quality of grape fruit,providing theoretical basis and technical guidance for the quality and high yield of Summer Black grape.

关 键 词：夏黑葡萄 海藻精 品质 

分 类 号：S66[农业科学—果树学]