三华李化学脱叶药剂筛选试验研究初报  

Preliminary report on the experiment of screening chemical defoliant for Sanhua plum

作　　者：徐志美 王红梅 周民武 李珍 赵碧英 刘珊廷 林子桢 高兴 易显荣 XU Zhimei;WANG Hongmei;ZHOU Minwu;LI Zhen;ZHAO Biying;LIU Shanting;LIN Zizhen;GAO Xing;YI Xianrong(Guangxi Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Specialty Commercial Crops in North Guangxi/Guangxi Academy of Specialty Crops,Guilin,Guangxi,541004,China;Guangxi Fruit Technical Guidance Station,Nanning,Guangxi,530022,China)

机构地区：[1]广西桂北特色经济作物种质创新与利用重点实验室/广西特色作物研究院,广西桂林541004 [2]广西壮族自治区水果技术指导站,南宁530022

出　　处：《中国南方果树》2024年第3期206-209,共4页South China Fruits

基　　金：广西重点研发计划项目(桂科AB21196054);广西特色作物研究院科研基金项目(2023B004);国家现代农业产业技术体系广西创新团队建设专项(nycytxgxcxtd-2023-13)资助。

摘　　要：迫使三华李提早落叶,可以实现三华李二次开花,从而进行反季节促早栽培。以4~5年生三华李果树为试材,通过喷施脱落酸、乙烯利、噻苯隆、石硫合剂等进行生长季脱叶试验。结果表明,全株喷施45%石硫合剂10~15倍液总体效果最好,药后30 d脱叶率可达80%以上,老叶脱叶彻底,只剩树体顶端嫩叶,且脱叶速度较缓,有利于树体营养的积累,同时还可起到清园的作用;乙烯利脱叶速度快,效果好,喷药后15 d脱叶率达到100%,但易产生药害,对三华李树体影响较大,不推荐后续使用。Forcing early leaf dropping in Sanhua plum can achieve secondary flowering and promote off-season early maturing culture.Defoliation experiment during the growth season of 5-year-old Sanhua plum fruit trees was conducted by spraying agentia such as abscisic acid,ethephon,thidiazuron,and lime sulphur.The results showed that spraying 10 to 15 times liquid of 45%lime sulphur on the entire plant had the best overall effect.Thirty days after treatment of lime sulphur,the defoliation rate was more than 80%,wtih the old leaves completely defoliated,leaving only young leaves at the top of tree.The process of defoliation was slow,which was conducive to the accumulation of nutrients in the tree,and could also play a role in clearing orchard.The defoliation rate of ethephon treatment was 100%after 15 days of spraying,but it was easy to cause phytotoxicity and had a great impact on the growth of Sanhua plum tree.Therefore,ethephon was not recommended for subsequent use as Sanhua plum defoliator.

关 键 词：三华李 脱叶 药剂筛选 

分 类 号：S43[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]