基于生态环境需水量的莫莫格国家级自然保护区湿地生态服务功能评价  

Evaluation of Wetland Ecological Service Function in Momoge National Nature Reserve Based on Ecological Water Demand

作　　者：倪鹤珊 李鸿雁 佟守正[2] 崔庚 张洺也 NI Heshan;LI Hongyan;TONG Shouzheng;CUI Geng;ZHANG Mingye(College of New Energy and Environment,Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment(Jilin University),Minisry of Education,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Water Environment,Jilin University,Changchun 130021,Jilin,P.R.China;Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment,Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun 130102,Jilin,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学新能源与环境学院,吉林大学地下水资源与环境教育部重点实验室,吉林省水资源与水环境重点实验室,吉林长春130021 [2]中国科学院湿地生态与环境重点实验室,中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,吉林长春130102

出　　处：《湿地科学》2024年第3期437-444,共8页Wetland Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFF1300903-1);吉林省重大科技专项项目(20230303005SF)资助。

摘　　要：湿地生态服务功能是湿地生态系统安全的重要表现形式,对服务功能进行评价能直观地反映湿地破坏情况或修复效果、量化分析其变化的影响因素。生态环境需水量是区域水资源供需状况和空间格局变化的表征,对湿地生态服务功能起到支撑作用。利用生态环境需水量,对湿地生态服务功能进行评价,能够阐明区域生态环境特征变化的原因,进而明确生态服务功能的变化。以莫莫格国家级自然保护区为研究区,利用土地利用、植被和水文数据,根据各项生态服务功能的组成及权重,对气候调节、资源供给和保障生态系统完整性3个重要的湿地生态服务功能指标进行定量计算。研究结果表明,1988年至1999年期间,莫莫格国家级自然保护区生态服务功能运行情况较好,2000年至2010年期间,生态系统服务功能整体随湿地的退化而逐渐减弱,2011年之后生态服务功能有所回升,说明保护工作开展有效,减缓了湿地退化速度,湿地生态服务功能逐步得到恢复。研究结果可以从生态环境需水量的角度服务于研究区的生态系统服务功能评价,结合降水量、气温等气候条件可以实现对湿地生态服务功能变化趋势的预测。Wetland ecological service function is an important manifestation of wetland ecosystem security.The evaluation of wetland service function can directly reflect the damage situation or restoration effect of wetland,and quantitatively analyze the influencing factors of its change.Ecological environmental water requirement is the representation of regional water resource supply and demand and spatial pattern changes,and plays a supporting role in wetland ecological service function.The evaluation of wetland ecological service function based on ecological and environmental water demand can clarify the causes of changes in regional ecological and environmental characteristics from the root,and then clarify the changes of ecological service function.Taken Momoge National Natural Reserve as the study area,this study uses land use,vegetation and hydrological data to quantitatively calculate three important wetland ecological service functions,namely climate regulation,resource supply and ecosystem integrity protection,based on the composition and weight of each ecological service function.The results showed that the ecosystem service function and ran well from1988 to 1999,and then gradually weakened with the degradation of the wetland from 2000 to 2010,finally it rebounded after 2011,indicating that the wetland conservation work was effective and the degradation rate of the wetland was slowed down and the ecological service function of wetland is gradually restored.The research results will serve the evaluation of ecosystem service function in the study area from the perspective of ecological environmental water demand,and the prediction of wetland change trend will be realized in combination with climatic conditions such as rainfall and temperature,which is of great significance for wetland protection and management.

关 键 词：生态服务功能 综合赋权法 生态环境需水量 分级评价 莫莫格国家级自然保护区 

分 类 号：X821[环境科学与工程—环境工程]