废弃电路板中金属的含量与溶出规律研究  

Study on Metal Contents and Dissolution Law of Discarded CircuitBoard

作　　者：曹卫承 CAO Weicheng(Shanghai Pollution Reduction and Carbon Reduction Management Operation Technology Center,Shanghai 200235,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市减污降碳管理运行技术中心,上海200235

出　　处：《当代化工》2024年第4期820-825,共6页Contemporary Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(课题编号:2022YFC3902503)。

摘　　要：电子废弃物中金属引起的环境问题日益增加,采用微波消解法对电子废弃物印刷电路板中金属分布及其构成进行研究,并通过配制仿真酸雨溶液对电路板中金属溶出规律进行分析。结果表明:采用原子吸收光谱仪对电路板中金属含量进行测试,在废弃电路板中一共检测到12种金属,总量约占电路板总质量的37.3%。其中,7种金属在p H值等于1的强酸性环境下表现出了良好的溶出性能,其溶出程度从高至低依次是铜、铁、锌、铅、镍、铬和镉,其中镉的溶出比例最大并且溶出速度最快。研究结果为评估酸雨条件下金属从废弃电路板中溶出的潜在能力提供依据,为分析废弃电路板的环境危害以及衡量废弃电路板的生态风险提供基础数据。The environmental problems caused by metals in electronic waste are increasing day by day.In this paper,microwave digestion method was used to study the distribution and composition of metals in printed circuit boards of electronic waste,and the leaching law of metals from circuit boards by preparing simulated acid rain solutions was analyzed.The results showed that using an atomic absorption spectrometer to test the metal content in circuit boards,a total of 12 types of metals were detected in discarded circuit boards,accounting for approximately 37.3% of the total weight of the circuit boards.Among them,seven metals showed good dissolution performance in a strongly acidic environment with a pH value of 1.The dissolution degree ranked from high to low was copper,iron,zinc,lead,nickel,chromium,and cadmium.Among them,cadmium had the highest dissolution ratio and the fastest dissolution rate.The research results provide a basis for evaluating the potential ability of metals to dissolve from discarded circuit boards under acid rain conditions,and provide basic data for analyzing the environmental hazards of discarded circuit boards and measuring theirecological risks.

关 键 词：废弃电路板 电子废弃物回收 金属溶出 微波消解 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]