极端气候与民国陕西狼患(1930-1937)  

Extreme Climate Event and Wolf Disaster in Shaanxi Province during the Republic of China(1930-1937)

作　　者：梁陈 Liang Chen(Center for Historical Geography Studies,Jinan University,510632)

机构地区：[1]暨南大学历史地理研究中心,广东广州510632

出　　处：《中国历史地理论丛》2024年第2期19-28,共10页Journal of Chinese Historical Geography

基　　金：国家社会科学基金冷门绝学研究专项学术团队项目(20VJXT004)。

摘　　要：受“民国十八年年馑”特大灾荒及其余波影响,1930-1937年陕西关中及其周边地区发生了严重的狼患。此次狼患持续时间长,波及范围广,多发于夏秋季节。特大灾荒导致狼群食物短缺,狼食腐尸而壮大群体,人们的迷信、畏狼心理等是造成狼患经久不息的主要原因。狼群在严重威胁人类社会的同时,也在积极参与生态修复。随着政府和民众对狼的捕杀及生态环境缓慢恢复,狼患逐渐消退。探究极端气候背景下野生动物的异常活动以及与人的矛盾冲突,是深化灾害史、环境史研究内涵与外延的新维度。Because of the great famine in the 18th year of the Republic of China(民国十八年年谨)and its aftermath,serious wolf disaster occurred in Guanzhong and its surrounding areas in Shaanxi province from 1930 to 1937,mostly emerged in summer and autumn.The great famine resulted in the food shortage of wolves,and the wolves had to eat carrion to survive and reproduce.Besides,the people's superstition and dread feelings of wolves were the main reasons why the wolves'numbers increased.The increased wolves seriously threatened human society,and played an important role in the process of ecological restoration.While the ecological environment had restored,the government and the human hunted and killed the wolves that leaded to the wolf disaster gradually reduced.This paper explores the abnormal activities of wild ani-mals under the influence of extreme climate event and the conflicts between these wild animals and humans.And it provides a new dimension to deepen the connotation and extension of disaster history and environ-mental history research.

关 键 词：民国十八年年馑 陕西 特大干旱 狼患 社会应对 

分 类 号：K263[历史地理—历史学]