南宁市围绝经期女性对围绝经期知识认知的现状调查  

Status survey on the cognition of perimenopausal women to perimenopausal knowledge in Nanning

作　　者：张东梅[1] 黄玉葵[1] 郑文金[1] 詹凤丽 曾文振 周利锴[1] ZHANG Dong-mei;HUANG Yu-kui;ZHENG Wen-jin;ZHAN Feng-li;ZENC Wen-zhen;ZHOU Li-kai(Nanning Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Nanning,Guangxi 530011,China)

机构地区：[1]南宁市妇幼保健院,广西南宁530011

出　　处：《中国妇幼保健》2024年第10期1825-1828,共4页Maternal and Child Health Care of China

基　　金：广西壮族自治区卫生健康委员会自筹经费科研课题项目(Z20201250)。

摘　　要：目的 了解南宁市围绝经期女性对围绝经期知识的认知情况,为有针对性地开展围绝经期疾病诊治提供依据。方法 2021年9月-2022年1月采用调查问卷的方式对南宁市的围绝经期女性进行问卷调查,回收有效问卷1 287份,分为固定职业组(559份)、非固定职业组(728份)。对比两组女性对围绝经期知识的认知情况及对激素替代治疗的接受度。结果 在对围绝经期早期症状(月经紊乱、潮热盗汗、失眠烦躁多梦、尿频、记忆力下降、胸闷心慌)和远期并发症(骨质疏松症、心脑血管疾病、阴道炎、盆腔器官脱垂及激素紊乱、患癌)的认知方面,两组比较差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。两组女性对激素替代治疗的认知情况和激素替代治疗的不良反应(肥胖、阴道出血、患癌)的认知情况比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。固定职业组与非固定职业组主动要求激素替代治疗的女性比例分别为22.18%和14.56%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=8.884,P<0.05)。结论 南宁市围绝经期女性对围绝经期早期症状有一定认知,但是对远期危害严重性的认识不足,激素替代治疗的主动使用率不高。应加强围绝经期知识宣教,提高围绝经期女性的保健意识。Objective To understand the cognition of perimenopausal women to perimenopausal knowledge in Nanning,provide a basis for targeted diagnosis and treatment of perimenopausal disease.Methods From September 2021 to January 2022,a questionnaire survey was conducted among perimenopausal women in Nanning,1287 effctive questionnaires were obtained and divided into fixed occupation group(559 cases)and non-fixed occupation group(728 cases).The cognition of perimenopausal knowledge and the acceptance of hormone re-placement therapy were compared between the two groups.Results There were statistically significant differences in cognition of early meno-pausal symptoms(menstrual disorder,tidal fever and night sweating,insomnia,irritability and dreams,frequent micturition,memory deteri-oration,chest tightness,palpitation)and long-term complications(osteoporosis,cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,vaginitis,pelvic organ prolapse,hormone disturbance,cancer)between the two groups(P<0.05).There were statistically significant differences in cognition of hormone replacement therapy and adverse reactions of hormone replacement therapy(obesity,vaginal hemorrhage,cancer)be-tween the two groups(P<0.05):The proportions of active hormone replacement therapy in fixed occupation group and non-fixed occupa-tion group were 22.18%and 14.56%,respectively,there was statistically significant difference between the two groups(x=8.884,P<O.o5).Conclusion Perimenopausal women in Nanning have a certain understanding of early symptoms of menopause,but they have a se-rious lack of understanding of long-term harms,the active use rate of hormone replacement therapy is not high.Perimenopausal knowledge education should be strengthened to improve the health care awareness of perimenopausal women.

关 键 词：围绝经期 认知 激素替代治疗 

分 类 号：R173[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]