葡萄园有机覆盖措施对土壤特性的影响研究进展  

Effect of organic mulching practices on soil properties in vineyards:A review

作　　者：薛婷婷 程春颖 杨帆 张亮[1,2] 徐国前[1,2] 李茹一[1,2] 王江林 张立霞 梁泽炫 周建华 XUE Tingting;CHENG Chunying;YANG Fan;ZHANG Liang;XU Guoqian;LI Ruyi;WANG Jianglin;ZHANG Lixia;LIANG Zexuan;ZHOU Jianhua(College of Enology and Horticulture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;Engineering Research Center of Grape and Wine,Ministry of Education/Ningxia Grape and Wine Engineering Technology Center,Yinchuan 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学葡萄酒与园艺学院,银川750021 [2]葡萄与葡萄酒教育部工程研究中心/宁夏葡萄与葡萄酒工程技术研究中心,银川750021

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报》2024年第6期206-218,共13页Journal of China Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32360804);宁夏自然科学基金(一般项目)(2023AAC03064,2023AAC03143);宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目(2023BCF01026-02)。

摘　　要：为缓解清耕的弊端以及解决葡萄冬剪枝条废弃物循环利用的问题,本研究综述了近年来葡萄园中生草与枝条覆盖对土壤理化性质及微生物变化的影响。结果表明:1)生草和枝条覆盖降低了土壤容重,增加了孔隙度,提高了水分含量,提高了土壤团聚体稳定性并促进了土壤结构的形成;2)在覆盖措施条件下土壤酶活性增加;3)生草与枝条覆盖使土壤微生物量增加,微生物结构也得到改善;4)养分的增加会驱动微生物丰度以及群落结构的改变;5)生草与枝条覆盖激发了不同粒径团聚体之间的形成及转化。综上,生草和枝条等有机覆盖措施对于葡萄园的土壤健康有重要意义,是促进葡萄产业发展的重要措施。With the aim of alleviating the drawbacks of clear-cutting and solving the problem of recycling grape winter pruning waste,this study reviewed the effects of covering crops and branch mulching on soil physicochemical and microbiological changes in vineyards in recent years.The results showed that:1)Grass and branch coverage can reduce soil bulk density,increased porosity,increased water content,improved soil aggregate stability and promoted the formation of soil structure;2)Soil enzyme activities increased under mulching measures;3)Grass and branch coverage resulted in an increase in soil microbial populations and an improvement in microbial structure;4)The increase in nutrients would drive changes in microbial abundance and community structure;5)Covering crops and branch mulching stimulated the formation and transformation of aggregates with different grain sizes.In conclusion,organic mulching measures,such as covering crops and branching,are of great significance for the soil health of vineyards and are an important measures to promote the grape industry.

关 键 词：葡萄园 生草覆盖 枝条覆盖 土壤微生物 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学] S365[农业科学—园艺学]