超声引导下小儿下肢动脉穿刺置管  

Ultrasound-guided lower extremity artery catheterization in children

作　　者：孙悦 刘立飞[1] Sun Yue;Liu Lifei(Department of Anesthesiology,Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University,National Clinical Research Center for Child Health,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Structural Birth Defect and Re-construction,Chongqing 400014,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学附属儿童医院麻醉科,国家儿童健康与疾病临床医学研究中心,儿童发育疾病研究教育部重点实验室,结构性出生缺陷与器官修复重建重庆市重点实验室,重庆400014

出　　处：《国际麻醉学与复苏杂志》2024年第4期419-423,共5页International Journal of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation

摘　　要：动脉穿刺置管是麻醉医师需要掌握的一项基本技能,以实时监测围手术期血流动力学变化。小儿动脉较细,穿刺置管困难。临床上常用的穿刺部位是桡动脉,但部分手术需要监测下肢有创动脉血压,可选择胫后动脉、足背动脉或股动脉等下肢动脉穿刺置管。文章就常用下肢动脉穿刺血管的解剖基础、超声引导下的优势和下肢动脉的穿刺方法,包括短轴平面外技术、长轴平面内技术以及相对应的改良方法,下肢动脉穿刺置管的并发症等进行综述,并对小儿下肢动脉穿刺置管方式提出新的设想。Arterial cannulation is a basic skill for anesthesiologists to monitor perioperative hemodynamic changes in a realtime manner.Pediatric arteries are thin and difficult to cannulate.The radial artery is the most common site for arterial cannulation.However,parts of the operations need to monitor the blood pressure of the lower extremities.The posterior tibial artery,the dorsalis pedis artery or the femoral artery can be selected for this purpose.This paper reviewed the anatomical basis of arterial cannulation in the lower extremities,the advantages of ultrasound guidance,the puncture methods of the lower extremity arteries,including short⁃axis out⁃of⁃plane techniques,long⁃axis in⁃plane techniques,and the corresponding modified methods,and the complications of arterial cannulation in the lower extremities.Meanwhile,the authors proposed new ideas for arterial cannulation in the lower extremi⁃ties.

关 键 词：小儿 超声引导 胫后动脉 足背动脉 股动脉 动脉穿刺置管术 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]