碳基多污染物净化工艺SO_(2)、HCl的迁移及转化规律  

Migration and transformation of SO2 and HCl in activated based multi-pollutant purification process

作　　者：叶恒棣[1] 李俊杰[1,2,3] 倪桂虎[4] 孔镇 王兆才 高士秋 YE Hengdi;LI Junjie;NI Guihu;KONG Zhen;WANG Zhaocai;GAO Shiqiu(Zhongye Changtian International Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Changsha 410205,Hunan,China;Institute of Process Engineering,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering University,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Yongfeng Lingang Co.,Ltd.,Shandong Iron and Steel Group,Linyi 276000,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]中冶长天国际工程有限责任公司,湖南长沙410205 [2]中国科学院过程工程研究所,北京100190 [3]中国科学院大学化学与化工学院,北京100049 [4]山东钢铁集团永锋临港有限公司,山东临沂276000

出　　处：《钢铁》2024年第5期172-184,共13页Iron and Steel

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2021YFB3500605)。

摘　　要：多污染物烟气碳基法净化工艺中,SO_(2)与HCl的吸附、迁移和转化是对净化装置能否高效、安全、稳定运行的重要影响因素。以碳基法烟气净化工艺为研究对象,通过BET、XRD、FTIR和XPS等表征方法,研究了SO_(2)和HCl在活性炭表面的竞争吸附规律,分析了不同吸附工艺中SO_(2)、HCl的迁移与转化行为,核算了SO_(2)在全流程中的物质流。研究结果表明,SO_(2)和HCl在活性炭上的竞争吸附导致HCl在逆流活性炭工艺系统中存在富集现象,有可能影响脱硫脱硝装置的稳定运行。在碳基法侧向分层错流净化工艺中,活性炭料层分为前、中、后室,前室活性炭主要吸附SO_(2)并快速移出塔体,带走吸附热量;中室活性炭下料速度较慢,用于吸附低浓度SO_(2)和HCl;后室活性炭下料速度最慢,主要吸附HCl并直接排出塔体,不与高硫烟气再接触而发生氯化氢挤出效应,消除了SO_(2)吸附热积聚及HCl富集现象。在碳基法侧向分层错流净化实际工程中检测烟气出口SO_(2)和HCl质量浓度(标准态)分别为4.4、2.4 mg/m^(3),脱SO_(2)和脱HCl效率分别达到了99.3%和95.4%,实现了系统的高效稳定运行;同时该系统中SO_(2)和HCl在“吸附-解吸-制酸”全流程工序中物质流保持平衡,并通过后续制酸和酸性废水提盐实现了硫元素和氯元素的资源化利用。The adsorption and migration of SO_(2) and HCl are important factors for the efficient,safe,and stable operation of the purification unit in the multi-pollutant flue gas activated carbon purification process.The competitive adsorption of SO_(2) and HCl on the surface of activated carbon was studied by means of BET,XRD,FTIR,and XPS.The migration behavior of SO_(2) and HCl in different adsorption processes was also analyzed,and the material flow of SO_(2) in the whole process was calculated.The results show that the competitive adsorption of SO_(2) and HCl on activated carbon led to the enrichment of HCl in the countercurrent activated carbon process system,which may affect the stable operation of the desulfurization and denitrification unit.In the lateral stratified cross-flow activated carbon purification process,the activated carbon material layer was divided into front,middle and back chambers.The activated carbon in the front chamber mainly adsorbs SO_(2) and quickly moves out of the tower,taking away the absorbed heat,The medium chamber activated carbon is used for adsorption of low concentration SO_(2) and HCl.while the activated carbon in the back chamber mainly adsorbs HCl and directly exits the tower,and does not contact with the high-sulfur flue gas again,resulting in hydrogen chloride extrusion effect,eliminating the accumulation of SO_(2) adsorption heat and HCl enrichment.The mass concentrations(standard state)of SO_(2) and HCl detected at flue gas outlet in the practical project of lateral stratified cross-flow activated carbon purification are 4.4 and 2.4 mg/m3,respectively,and the efficiency of SO_(2) and HCl removal reaches 99.3%and 95.4%respectively,which realizes the efficient and stable operation of the system.At the same time,the material flow of SO_(2) and HCl is balanced in the whole process of"adsorption-desorption-acid making",and the resource utilization of sulfur and chlorine elements is realized through the subsequent acid making and acid wastewater salt extraction.

关 键 词：活性炭 SO_(2) HCL 竞争吸附 迁移及转化 烟气 

分 类 号：X701[环境科学与工程—环境工程]