野生朝鲜碱茅光合特性和农艺性状的综合评价  

Comprehensive evaluation of photosynthetic properties and agronomic traits of wild Puccinellia chinampoensis Ohwi

作　　者：于澜 李沛 蔡回彩 王英哲[2] 贾雪 金旭 徐博[1] YU Lan;LI Pei;CAI Huicai;WANG Yingzhe;JIA Xue;JIN Xu;XU Bo(College of Forestry and Grassland,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China;Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changchun 130033,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学林学与草学学院,长春130118 [2]吉林省农业科学院,长春130033

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2024年第10期71-75,115,共6页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：吉林省科学技术厅科技发展计划项目(20210202069nc);国家林业和草原局应急科技揭榜挂帅项目(20220101)。

摘　　要：为了筛选适合吉林省西部地区草原栽培的优质朝鲜碱茅材料,试验于白城市、洮南市、通榆县、大安市等的主要盐碱地采集11份(编号为J01~J11)野生朝鲜碱茅(Puccinellia chinampoensis Ohwi)种子,在吉林农业大学温室内育苗后移栽至大田,测定其光合特性指标(净光合速率、胞间CO_(2)浓度、蒸腾速率、水分利用效率、气孔导度)、农艺性状指标(叶长、叶宽、叶面积和株高)及单株干草产量,并对以上10个指标进行单因素方差分析、相关性分析、灰色关联分析和主成分分析,根据主成分得分建立综合评价模型对11份材料进行综合排名。结果表明:J03和J10的水分利用效率与单株干草产量均较高,且水分利用效率与叶长、叶面积呈显著正相关(P<0.05);10个指标中水分利用效率、叶长、株高、叶宽、净光合速率与单株干草产量的关联度较大;通过主成分分析将10个指标简化成2个主成分,累积贡献率达到84.402%,综合得分由高到低为J05、J09、J06、J03、J01、J08、J07、J11、J10、J02、J04。说明朝鲜碱茅的光合特性与产量密切相关,水分利用效率、叶长、株高、叶宽和净光合速率对产量影响较大,可作为育种研究的选种依据,J05、J09和J06 3份优良种质适宜在吉林省西部地区推广。In order to select high-quality materials of Puccinellia chinampoensis Ohwi suitable for grassland cultivation in the western region of Jilin Province,in the experiment,eleven species of wild Puccinellia chinampoensis Ohwi seeds were collected from major saline and alkaline areas in Baicheng City,Taonan City,Tongyu County,and Da'an City,etc.Seedlings were raised in the greenhouse of Jilin Agricultural University and then transplanted to the field to determine the photosynthetic property indexes(net photosynthetic rate,intercellular CO_(2) concentration,transpiration rate,water-use efficiency,stomatal conductance),agronomic traits indexes(leaf length,leaf width,leaf area,and plant height),and single plant hay yield.One-Way ANOVA,correlation analysis,gray correlation analysis and principal component analysis were performed on the above 10 indexes,and a comprehensive evaluation model was established to rank the 11 materials comprehensively according to the principal component scores.The results showed that water utilization efficiency and single plant hay yield were high in J03 and J10;and water utilization efficiency was significantly and positively correlated with leaf length and leaf area(P<0.05);the correlation between water use efficiency,leaf length,plant height,leaf width,net photosynthetic rate among the 10 indexes was large with single plant hay yield;the 10 indexes were simplified into 2 principal components by principal component analysis,and the cumulative contribution rate reached 84.402%;and the composite scores were J05,J09,J06,J03,J01,J08,J07,J11,J10,J02,and J04 in descending order.The results suggested that the photosynthetic properties of Puccinellia chinampoensis Ohwi were closely related to yield,and that water use efficiency,leaf length,plant height,leaf width and net photosynthetic rate had a great impact on yield,which could be used as the basis for selection in breeding research,and that the three excellent germplasm J05,J09 and J06,were suitable for popularization in the western region of Ji

关 键 词：朝鲜碱茅 光合特性 农艺性状 主成分分析 综合评价 

分 类 号：S548[农业科学—作物学]