公平认知在农村老年人养老保障和养老获得感之间的中介作用  

Mediating role of fair cognition in the relationship between sense of eldercare gain and old-age security among the rural elderly

作　　者：张黎[1] 梁明辉[1] 张航瑀 冯佳悦 谢婷 冯鑫鑫 ZHANG Li;LIANG Minghui;ZHANG Hangyu;FENG Jiayue;XIE Ting;FENG Xinxin(College of Humanities,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun,Jilin 130018,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学人文学院,吉林长春130018

出　　处：《中国农村卫生事业管理》2024年第4期280-284,共5页Chinese Rural Health Service Administration

基　　金：吉林省教育厅人文社科研究项目(JJKH20210378SK,JJKH20220306SK);教育部新文科研究与改革实践项目(2021090028)。

摘　　要：目的了解农村老年人养老获得感状况,探讨养老保障、公平认知和养老获得感之间的关系以及公平认知在养老保障和养老获得感之间的中介作用。方法采用自编的养老获得感问卷、养老保障和公平认知问卷,于2022年10月—2023年3月对吉林省202名农村常住老年人进行问卷调查。结果农村老年人养老获得感得分为3.81±0.87。养老保障与养老获得感得分呈正相关关系(r=0.526,P<0.01),养老保障与公平认知呈正相关关系(r=0.614,P<0.01),公平认知与养老获得感呈正相关关系(r=0.527,P<0.01)。养老保障对养老获得感的直接效应显著,效应值为0.985。公平认知在养老保障和养老获得感之间起到部分中介作用,中介效应为38.1%。结论公平认知在养老保障和养老获得感之间发挥中介效应,增加更高水平更多元化的养老保障以及维护养老保障的适度平衡,是提高农村老年人养老获得感的有效途径。Objective To know about the status of sense of eldercare gain for the rural elderly,to explore the relationship among old-age security,fair cognition and sense of eldercare gain,and to explore the mediating role of fair cognition in the relationship between old-age security and sense of eldercare gain.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted on 202 rural elderly residents in Jilin Province from October 2022 to March 2023,using self-designed questionnaires on sense of eldercare gain,old-age security and fair cognition.Results The score of sense of eldercare gain for the rural elderly was 3.81±0.87.There were significant positive correlations between old-age security and sense of eldercare gain(r=0.526,P<0.01),between old-age security and fair cognition(r=0.614,P<0.01),and between fair cognition and sense of eldercare gain(r=0.527,P<0.01).The direct effect of old-age security on sense of eldercare gain was significant,with an effect value of 0.985.Fair cognition played a partially mediating role in the relationship between old-age security and sense of eldercare gain,with a mediating effect of 38.1%.Conclusions Fair cognition plays a mediating role in the relationship between old-age security and sense of eldercare gain.Raising higher level and more diversified old-age security and maintaining the fairness of old-age security are effective ways to improve the sense of eldercare gain for the rural elderly.

关 键 词：农村 老年人 养老获得感 养老保障 公平认知 中介作用 

分 类 号：R197[医药卫生—卫生事业管理] C913.7[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]