阿拉善戈壁区人工梭梭林保存率及生长状况研究  

Characteristics of preservation rate and growth state of artificial Haloxylon ammodendron shrub in Alxa Gobi area

作　　者：高利颖 王海兵 廖承贤 杨皓钦 郜搏文 刘军 GAO Liying;WANG Haibing;LIAO Chengxian;YANG Haoqin;GAO Bowen;LIU Jun(College of Desert Control Science and Engineering,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010019;Key Laboratory of Aeolian Sand Control Engineering in Inner Mongolia,Hohhot 010019;Key Laboratory of Desert Ecosystem Conservation and Restoration,State Forestry and Grassland Administration of Hohhot 010019,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学沙漠治理学院,呼和浩特010019 [2]内蒙古自治区风沙物理与防沙治沙工程重点实验室,呼和浩特010019 [3]荒漠生态系统保护与修复国家林业和草原局重点实验室,呼和浩特010019)

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2024年第6期159-165,共7页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金：高校青年科技英才项目(NJYT22039);内蒙古自治区高等学校创新团队(NMGIRT2408)资助。

摘　　要：戈壁人工梭梭林保存率及其生长状态一直是一个备受关注的问题,文中基于戈壁区野外调查和室内试验,分析了阿拉善左旗、右旗、额济纳旗沙砾质地不同树龄人工梭梭林的保存率及生长状态。结果表明:1)沙砾质戈壁人工梭梭林在左旗、右旗、额济纳旗平均保存率分别为76%,74%,38%。2)戈壁栽植梭梭在造林初期破坏砾石层,加速地表沙化,随着林龄增加,风沙对梭梭林地表干扰程度小,林下表层土壤组分相对稳定。3)戈壁区梭梭林造林成本高,左旗、右旗、额济纳旗3年平均造林成本分别为11169.41元/hm^(2)、11641元/hm^(2)、9832.29元/hm^(2)。4)沙砾质地戈壁人工梭梭林与盐湖、沙地人工梭梭林相比生长表现差,同为2、3年林龄盐湖与沙地人工梭梭林株高-冠幅-基径特征与戈壁人工梭梭林相比,株高分别是戈壁人工梭梭林的1.9倍、2倍,基径是戈壁人工梭梭林的2.6倍、1.5倍;研究区内人工梭梭林生长表现差、保存率低、造成地表扰动、造林成本高、因此不建议在极端干旱地势平坦的沙砾质戈壁进行大面积造林。The preservation rate and growth state of the artificial forest in the Gobi area have always been a concern.Based on the field investigation and laboratory experiment in the Gobi area,the preservation rate and growth state of the artificial Haloxylon ammodendron shrubs with different ages growing in sandy Gobi in Alxa Left Banner,Alxa Right Banner,and Ejin Banner were investigated.The results showed as follows:1)The average preservation rates of artificial shrubs in Alxa Left Banner,Alxa Right Banner and Ejin Banner are 76%,74%and 38%,respectively.2)In the early stage of afforestation,the H.ammodendron planting in Gobi can destroy the gravel layer and accelerate the surface desertification.With the increase of afforestation age,the disturbance degree of wind sand on the surface of H.ammodendron shrub is becoming small,and the composition of surface soil under the shrub is relatively stable.3)The afforestation cost of H.ammodendron in Gobi area is high.The average afforestation cost in Alxa Left Banner,Alxa Right Banner and Ejin Banner in 3 years is 11169.41 yuan/hm^(2),11641 yuan/hm^(2) and 9832.29yuan/hm^(2),respectively.4)The growth performance of artificial H.ammodendron shrub in sandy Gobi is worse compared with those growing near the salt lakes and in the sandy lands.The plant height of artificial H.ammodendron growing near the salt lakes and in the sandy lands is 1.9 times and 2 times of that growing in Gobi,and the base diameter is 2.6 times and 1.5 times of that growing in Gobi,respectively.In the study area,the growth performance of the artificial shrub is poor,the preservation rate is low,the disturbance on surface is serious,and the afforestation cost is high.Therefore,it is not recommended to conduct large-scale afforestation in the extremely arid and flat sandy Gobi terrain.

关 键 词：阿拉善戈壁 人工梭梭林 保存率 生长状态 造林成本 

分 类 号：S727[农业科学—林木遗传育种]