2022年夏季喀什地区一次罕见暴雨成因分析  

Analysis of a Rare Rainstorm in Kashgar in Summer 2022

作　　者：王鹏飞 陈波 孙成云 Wang Pengfei;Chen Bo;Sun Chengyun(Kashgar Meteorological Bureau,Xinjiang Kashgar 844000)

机构地区：[1]喀什地区气象局,新疆喀什844000

出　　处：《内蒙古气象》2024年第2期17-22,共6页Meteorology Journal of Inner Mongolia

摘　　要：采用区域气象自动站逐小时降水观测数据、NCEP(1°×1°)再分析资料、FY—2G卫星逐小时云顶亮温及多普勒雷达探测资料对2022年8月9日喀什地区暴雨过程进行分析。结果表明:此次暴雨过程100 hPa南亚高压呈东部型分布,巴尔喀什湖切断低压与贝加尔湖低槽形成“东西夹攻”的形势。850 hPa偏东急流将塔里木盆地的水汽向暴雨区输送。850~400 hPa假相当位温随高度增大而减小且低层等值线密集,低层辐合、高层辐散的配置为暴雨的发生提供了有利的动力条件。此次暴雨由两个对流发展旺盛的中β尺度对流云团连续影响造成,其移动路径在喀什市存在叠加效应,降水落区与TBB低值区近乎一致,强降水发生在云团中心TBB <-28℃区域。雷达回波呈多单体风暴线状排列,移动中与路径方向上新单体合并,发展成西南—东北方向飑线,反射率因子达55 dBz以上,回波顶高为8 km以上。飑线断裂后,回波移动缓慢,强回波持续时间长,造成喀什市短时强降水。The rainstorm process in Kashgar on August 9,2022 was analyzed by using hourly precipitation observation data of regional automatic stations,NCEP(1°×1°)reanalysis data,hourly cloud top brightness temperature of FY-2G satellite and Doppler radar data.The results showed that the 100 hPa South Asian high was east-type distribution,and the Lake Balkhash cutting low pressure and the Baikal trough formed the"east-west clamping"situation in the rainstorm process.The water vapor in the Tarim Basin was transported to the rainstorm area by the 850 hPa easterly jet.The 850-400 hPa pseudo-equivalent potential temperature decreased with height and the low-level contours were dense.The configuration of low-level convergence and high-level divergence provided favorable dynamic conditions for rainstorm.The heavy rain was caused by two continuous mid-βscale convective clouds with strong convective development,whose moving paths had a superposition effect in Kashgar.The precipitation area was almost consistent with the low TBB area,and the heavy precipitation occurred in the center of cloud with TBB<-28℃.The radar echoes were arranged in a multi-cell storm line,and merged with new cells in the path direction and developed into a southwest-northeast squall line during movement,with the strongest reflectance factor above 55 dBz and the echo top height above 8 km.After the squall line broke,the echoes moved slowly and the strong ones lasted for a long time,which caused short-term heavy rainfall in Kashgar.

关 键 词：暴雨 环流背景 物理量特征 中尺度 

分 类 号：P458.121.1[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]