中国人用狂犬病疫苗百年发展  

Brief history of development of rabies vaccine for human use in China

作　　者：石磊泰[1] 俞永新[1] SHI Leitai;YU Yongxin(Division of Arboviral Vaccines,National Institutes for Food and Drug Control,Beijing 102629,China)

机构地区：[1]中国食品药品检定研究院虫媒病毒疫苗室,北京102629

出　　处：《微生物学免疫学进展》2024年第1期1-8,共8页Progress In Microbiology and Immunology

摘　　要：自1885年法国人巴斯德发明狂犬病疫苗之后约30年,人用狂犬病疫苗才被引入中国。从20世纪20年代开始,中国人用狂犬病疫苗历经动物脑组织疫苗、佐剂地鼠肾细胞疫苗、浓缩佐剂地鼠肾细胞疫苗、浓缩纯化佐剂地鼠肾细胞疫苗、浓缩纯化无佐剂地鼠肾细胞疫苗、Vero细胞疫苗和人二倍体细胞疫苗等发展历程,生产工艺才逐步成熟、稳定。从百年前年产量20~50人份到2022年年产量2 000万人份,中国已跃升为人用狂犬病疫苗的生产和使用大国。经过近百年的努力,中国人群狂犬病的发病率降到0.011 1/10万,人用狂犬病疫苗的接种功不可没。人用狂犬病疫苗在中国的百年发展史,也是中国生物制品百年发展的缩影。Rabies vaccine was not introduced to China until about 30 years after it was invented by Pasteur in 1885. Since the 1920s, rabies vaccine for human use in China has experienced the development process of animal brain tissue vaccine, adjuvant hamster kidney vaccine, concentrated adjuvant hamster kidney vaccine, concentrated purified adjuvant hamster kidney vaccine, concentrated purified unadjuvant hamster kidney vaccine, Vero cells and human diploid cell vaccine, and the production process is gradually mature and stable. From an annual production of 20-50 human doses a century ago to an annual production of 20 million human doses in 2022,China has jumped up to become a major producer and user of human rabies vaccine in the world. After a hundred years of efforts, the incidence rate of rabies among the population in China has dropped to 0.011 1/100 000,and the human rabies vaccine has contributed greatly. The history of human rabies vaccine in China is also the epitome of the development of biological products.

关 键 词：狂犬病 巴斯德 人用狂犬病疫苗 百年发展史 

分 类 号：R392[医药卫生—免疫学]