2020—2022年许昌市1~79岁健康人群百日咳、白喉和破伤风IgG抗体水平的分析  

Analysis of IgG antibody levels to pertussis, diphtheria and tetanus in healthy population aged 1-79 years in Xuchang City from 2020 to 2022

作　　者：张晓璐 彭金华[1] 马莹莹[1] 任增辉 王文江 耿少良[1] ZHANG Xiaolu;PENG Jinhua;MA Yingying;REN Zenghui;WANG Wenjiang;GENG Shaoliang(Laboratory,Xuchang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Xuchang 461000,Henan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]许昌市疾病预防控制中心检验科,河南许昌461000

出　　处：《微生物学免疫学进展》2024年第2期66-71,共6页Progress In Microbiology and Immunology

摘　　要：目的 了解2020—2022年许昌市1~79岁健康人群百日咳(pertussis)、白喉(diphtheria)和破伤风(tetanus)IgG抗体水平,为许昌市有效防控百日咳、白喉及破伤风的传播和免疫策略调整提供参考数据依据。方法 采用多阶段分层抽样方法,抽取1~79岁健康人群;通过ELISA检测人群血清中百日咳、白喉和破伤风的IgG抗体,分析百日咳、白喉和破伤风IgG抗体阳性率及GMC。结果 共检测样本1 487份,百日咳、白喉和破伤风IgG抗体阳性率分别为8.47%、73.57%、74.24%;GMC分别为4.90、0.06、0.06 IU/mL。2020年魏都区IgG百日咳抗体阳性率最高,为15.87%,GMC为6.43 IU/mL;2022年襄城县的白喉和破伤风IgG抗体阳性率最高,分别为79.30%和85.21%,GMC分别为0.05 IU/mL和0.06 IU/mL。1~2岁组百日咳IgG抗体阳性率最高,为17.96%,GMC是7.02 IU/mL;>2~4岁组白喉IgG抗体阳性率最高,为97.56%,GMC是0.08 IU/mL;而1~2岁组和>4~6岁组破伤风IgG抗体阳性率最高,均为100.00%,GMC分别为0.16 IU/mL、0.14 IU/mL。男性人群百日咳、白喉、破伤风的IgG抗体阳性率和GMC均高于女性。1~15岁人群有免疫史人群百日咳、白喉和破伤风IgG抗体阳性率和GMC均高于无/不详免疫史人群。结论 许昌市1~79岁健康人群百日咳IgG抗体阳性率和GMC较低,尚达不到免疫保护水平,也远低于白喉和破伤风。须加快针对青少年和成人加强百白破联合疫苗的研发及接种,或引进国外已批准上市的疫苗,降低百日咳、白喉和破伤风的发生风险。Objective To understand the IgG antibody levels of pertussis, diphtheria and tetanus among healthy people aged 1-79 in Xuchang City from 2020 to 2022,to provide reference data for the effective control of the spread of pertussis, diphtheria and tetanus, as well as for the adjustment of immunization strategies in Xuchang City. Methods A multistage stratified sampling method was used to select healthy people aged 1-79 years, and IgG antibodies to pertussis, diphtheria and tetanus in population serum were detected by ELISA,and the positive rates of IgG antibody to pertussis, diphtheria and tetanus and GMCwere analyzed. Results A total of 1,487 samples were tested, and the positive rates of IgG antibodies to pertussis, diphtheria, and tetanus were 8.47%,73.57%,and 74.24%,respectively;the GMC was 4.90,0.06,and 0.06 IU/mL,respectively. In 2020,the highest positive rate of IgG pertussis antibody in Weidu district was 15.87%,and GMC was 6.43 IU/mL;In 2022,the peak positivity rates of IgG to diphtheria and tetanus in Xiangcheng county were 79.30% and 85.21% respectively, and GMC were 0.05 IU/mL and 0.06 IU/mL respectively. The highest positive rate of pertussis IgG antibody is 17.96% in the 1-2 year old group, and GMC was 7.02 IU/mL;The peak positive rate of IgG antibody against diphtheria is 97.56% in the >2-4 year old group, and GMC was 0.08 IU/mL;while the highest positive rate of IgG antibody against tetanus was 100.00% in the 1-2 year old group and the >4-6 year old group, and GMC were 0.16 IU/mL and 0.14 IU/mL respectively. The positive rates of IgG antibody and GMC for pertussis, diphtheria, and tetanus in males were higher than those in females. IgG antibody positivity and GMC for pertussis, diphtheria and tetanus were higher in the population with a history of immunization than in the population with an undetermined/unspecified history of immunization in the population from 1 to 15 years of age. Conclusion Pertussis IgG antibody positivity and GMC in healthy people aged 1-79 years in Xuchang City are low, not yet

关 键 词：百日咳 白喉 破伤风 健康人群 IGG抗体 酶联免疫吸附试验 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]