高光谱遥感在草原植物多样性监测中的应用与展望  

Application and prospects of hyperspectral remote sensing in monitoring plant diversity in grassland

作　　者：顾晨 梁建 刘旭颖 孙泊远 孙同生 俞坚钢 孙晨曦 万华伟 高吉喜 GU Chen;LIANG Jian;LIU Xuying;SUN Boyuan;SUN Tongsheng;YU Jiangang;SUN Chenxi;WAN Huawei;GAO Jixi(Nantong Academy of Intelligent Sensing,Nantong 226010,Jiangsu,China;Satellite Application Center for Ecology and Environment,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]南通智能感知研究院,江苏南通226010 [2]生态环境部卫星环境应用中心,北京100094

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2024年第5期1397-1407,共11页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFB3901102);南通市基础科学研究计划项目(JC12022082)资助。

摘　　要：草原的生物多样性具有多种生态功能,而草原生物多样性的保护与管理工作需要收集草原的植物多样性信息。高光谱遥感以其独特的大范围覆盖和高光谱分辨率优势,为草原植物多样性的长期监测提供了新的解决方案。本文首先回顾了高光谱遥感技术的发展历程,强调了高光谱数据在草原植物多样性监测中的独特优势,并进一步分析了其在草原植物多样性监测中的具体应用。最后,讨论了高光谱遥感技术在当前应用中面临的挑战,如数据处理复杂性、算法精度,以及与地面遥感数据的整合问题,并对未来研究方向提出展望。随着遥感技术的不断进步和多源数据的综合应用,高光谱遥感将在草原生态监测与生物多样性保护方面发挥更加重要的作用,为全球生态保护和可持续发展提供科学依据和技术支持。The biodiversity of grasslands is important for ecosystem function and health.The protection and mana-gement of grassland biodiversity requires the collection of the information on plant diversity.Hyperspectral remote sensing,with its unique advantages of extensive coverage and high spectral resolution,offers a new solution for long-term monitoring of plant diversity.We first reviewed the development history of hyperspectral remote sensing technology,emphasized its advantages in monitoring grassland plant diversity,and further analyzed its specific applications in this field.Finally,we discussed the challenges faced by hyperspectral remote sensing technology in its applications,such as the complexity of data processing,accuracy of algorithms,and integration with ground-based remote sensing data,and proposes prospects for future research directions.With the advancement of remote sensing technology and the integrated application of multi-source data,hyperspectral remote sensing would play an increasingly important role in grassland ecological monitoring and biodiversity conservation,which could provide scientific basis and technical support for global ecological protection and sustainable development.

关 键 词：高光谱 遥感 植物多样性 光谱多样性 生态系统管理 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学] TP751[农业科学—畜牧学]