婴幼儿缺铁性贫血的病因调查分析  

Investigation and analysis of the etiology of iron deficiency anemia in infants and children

作　　者：李俊芳 Li Junfang(Department of Children’s Health,Gujiao Maternal and Child Health and Family Planning Service Center,Gujiao 030200,China)

机构地区：[1]古交市妇幼保健计划生育服务中心儿童保健部,古交030200

出　　处：《中国实用医刊》2024年第6期42-45,共4页Chinese Journal of Practical Medicine

摘　　要：目的调查分析造成婴幼儿缺铁性贫血的病因。方法回顾性抽取2022年1月至2022年12月于古交市妇幼保健计划生育服务中心儿童保健门诊定期体检的622例婴幼儿作为调查对象,均进行缺铁性贫血筛查,并根据筛查结果分为贫血组和正常组。两组婴幼儿均采用问卷调查方式,对婴幼儿基本信息以及父母贫血病史、母亲孕期情况、出生情况、婴儿时期喂养方式以及饮食习惯进行了解,基于Logistic回归模型分析婴幼儿缺铁性贫血的病因。结果经筛查发现,622例婴幼儿中患有缺铁性贫血184例,其中轻度贫血167例,中重度贫血17例。应用Logistic回归模型分析,出生孕周<37周、出生体质量<2500 g和挑食属于诱发婴幼儿缺铁性贫血的危险因素(OR>1,P<0.05),母亲孕期未发生贫血和纯母乳喂养属于诱发婴幼儿缺铁性贫血的保护因素(OR<1,P<0.05)。结论早产儿、低体质量和挑食的婴幼儿更容易发生缺铁性贫血,而孕期母亲未发生贫血情况和采用纯母乳方式喂养可一定程度上减少婴幼儿患缺铁性贫血的风险。Objective To investigate and analyze of the causes of iron deficiency anemia in infants and young children.Methods A total of 622 infants and young children who underwent regular physical examinations in the Children’s Health Clinic of the Gujiao Maternal and Child Health and Family Planning Service Center from January to December 2022 were selected as the survey subjects,all of them underwent iron-deficiency anemia screening,and were divided into the anemia group and the normal group according to the results of the screening.Both groups of infants and young children were surveyed by questionnaires,and the basic information of infants and young children,as well as the anemia history of their parents,the mother’s pregnancy,birth condition,feeding and dietary habits during infancy were analyzed.The etiology of iron-deficiency anemia in infants and young children was analyzed based on the logistic regression model.Results Upon screening,184 of 622 infants and children were found to have iron deficiency anemia,of which 167 cases had mild anemia and 17 cases had moderately severe anemia.Logistic regression modeling analysis revealed that birth gestation<37 weeks,birth weight<2500 g and picky eating were risk factors for iron deficiency anemia in infants and young children(OR>1,P<0.05),moreover,the mother’s lack of anemia during pregnancy and exclusive breast-feeding were protective factors(OR<1,P<0.05)for the development of iron deficiency anemia in infants and young children.Conclusions It is found that preterm,low birth weight and picky eaters are more likely to develop iron-deficiency anemia,while no maternal anemic during pregnancy and exclusive breast-feeding could reduce the risk of iron-deficiency anemia in infants and young children.

关 键 词：缺铁性贫血 婴幼儿 病因 

分 类 号：R725.5[医药卫生—儿科]