清入关前后满族人名问题续谈  

Revisiting the Manchu Names Before and After the Qing Dynasty Entered the Shanhai Pass

作　　者：杜家骥 DU Jiaji(Changchun Normal University)

机构地区：[1]长春师范大学

出　　处：《清史研究》2024年第3期22-41,共20页The Qing History Journal

摘　　要：本文介绍满人将其满语人名翻译为汉姓汉文名,直接用汉字取冠汉姓汉文名,而同于汉人名子的情况,并选择其中有重要参考价值如有官职、世爵世职者250多人附文说明,继而叙述取用其他汉文名,如以汉文数字作排行取名,取有各种寓意的汉文名,以似满语音而无词义的同音汉文取名而使其含汉文嘉义,以及满人女子取名、称呼的各种汉化现象。结合满人取名用汉字之崇尚文雅性,寄寓美好理想,取字、号作名子等等,阐述满族取名的多方面汉化,所取名子复杂纷繁多样化的称谓文化特色,进一步分析其产生原因,论述满人取冠汉姓汉文名的必然变化趋势与其原因。This article introduces the phenomenon of Manchus translating their names into Chinese surnames,or directly adopting Chinese names and surnames.The author also provides a list of over 250 individuals who held important official positions or hereditary titles with Sinicized names.Furthermore,the article discusses the adoption of other forms of Sinicized Chinese names,such as using Chinese numerical characters for ranking names,selecting Chinese names with various connotations,choosing Chinese names phonetically but without specific meanings,and imbuing names with Chinese virtues.Additionally,it examines various Sinicization practices in naming and addressing Manchu women and elaborates on the cultural significance of using Chinese characters in Manchu names,reflecting the pursuit of elegance and the embodiment of noble ideals,including the selection of characters and titles as names.The author elucidates the multifaceted aspects of Sinicization in naming and the diverse cultural characteristics of the names,further analysing the reasons behind these phenomena and discussing the inevitable trend of Sinicization in Manchu names.

关 键 词：满族 取名 汉化 习俗 

分 类 号：K249[历史地理—历史学]