异化的古罗马传统:拜占庭黑暗时代的军队与政制  

Alienated Roman Tradition:The Army and Politeia in the Byzantine Dark Ages

作　　者：庞国庆[1] Pang Guoqing

机构地区：[1]南开大学历史学院,天津300350

出　　处：《南开学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第3期182-191,共10页Nankai Journal:Philosophy,Literature and Social Science Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目(23BSS009)。

摘　　要：古罗马的“政制”传统在拜占庭时期具有强大的影响力,它是皇帝统治合法性的重要来源。在5—6世纪,囿于罗马传统框架,军队虽然是“政制”的核心要素之一,但在皇位更迭中并无主导地位。然而,在黑暗时代,帝国的生存危机和军区制改革将军队置于国家的政治生活中心,军区军队频繁干预皇位更迭,成为政制传统的颠覆者。皇权强调回归古罗马传统,重塑军队在政制中的合法捍卫者角色,用政制庇护皇权,从而造就了异化的古罗马传统,这是拜占庭帝国在古罗马政治基础上发展出中古特征的体现。The Roman tradition of politeia exerted concessive influence in the Byzantine Empire.Bound by the traditional viewpoint,the army,as a core element of politeia,played no dominant role around the fifth and sixth centuries.During the dark ages,however,the survival crisis and the themata reform brought the army to the center of the imperial political stage.The themata armies frequently intervened to change the imperial throne and became subverter of politeia.The emperors emphasized the return to the ancient Roman political tradition and remodeled the role of the army in politeia,thus protecting imperial power.The protection of politeia for imperial stability reflected the alienation of traditional politeia.

关 键 词：拜占庭帝国 拜占庭“军区制” 皇位继承制度 罗马共和 

分 类 号：D033.1[政治法律—政治学] K134[历史地理—历史学]