短命植物二裂婆婆纳的生长、生殖和资源配置  

Growth,reproduction,and resource allocation of ephemeral plant Veronica biloba L

作　　者：严佳玥 张博[1] 魏岩[1] YAN Jiayue;ZHANG Bo;WEI Yan(College of Grassland Science,Xinjiang Agricultural University/Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources and Ecology/Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources and Ecology of Western Arid Region,Ministry of Education,Urumqi 830052,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学草业学院/新疆草地资源与生态重点实验室/西部干旱荒漠区草地资源与生态教育部重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2024年第5期1249-1254,共6页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31560113)资助。

摘　　要：短命植物是温带荒漠的重要植物类群,对其生长、生殖和资源配置的研究有助于深入了解短命植物的生存策略。本研究以分布于准噶尔荒漠的1年生短命植物二裂婆婆纳(Veronica biloba L.)为对象,对其物候特征、生长动态、种子输出进行研究。结果表明:(1)二裂婆婆纳3月19日出苗,在幼苗四叶期(32 d)进入生殖生长,发育节律快,生活周期短,仅62 d。(2)子叶于盛果期枯黄脱落,生存时间49 d;根长在苗期生长较快,进入生殖期停止伸长,根系浅;随着植物由营养生长进入生殖生长,地上生物量呈现快速增加的趋势,地下生物量增加缓慢;根冠比由苗期的3.1下降为果熟期的0.091。(3)同一种群植物体生物量大小变化幅度大(0.0126~0.2269 g),变异系数为0.8;繁殖器官与营养器官生物量、地下生物量与总生物量之间为幂函数异速生长关系;随着植株总生物量的增加,根冠比呈线性降低,种子生物量呈线性增加,但繁殖分配比例差异不显著,维持在相对稳定水平(30.7%)。二裂婆婆纳的资源配置策略使不同大小个体的植株都能保持稳定比例的种子输出,对维持种群的更新与繁衍具有重要的生态意义。Ephemeral plants are important plant groups in temperate deserts.Studies on their growth,reproduction,and resource allocation will help understand the life strategies of ephemeral plants.In this study,we examined phenological characteristics,growth dynamics and seed output of Veronica biloba L.,an ephemeral plant species inhabiting the Junggar Desert.The results showed that:(1)V.biloba emerged on March 19 and entered reproductive growth at the four-leaf stage(32 d).Its development rhythm was fast,and life cycle was short(only 62 d).(2)The cotyledon turned yellow and fell off at full fruit stage,and the survival time lasted for 49 d.Root length increased rapidly in the seedling stage and stopped expanding in the reproductive stage.Root system was shallow.With the growth and development of plants,aboveground biomass increased rapidly,and belowground biomass increased slowly.The root-shoot ratio decreased gradually from 3.1 in seedling stage to 0.091 in fruit ripening stage.(3)Biomass of mature plants varied greatly(0.0126-0.2269 g),with a coefficient of variation of 0.8.There was a power function allometric relationship between the biomass of reproductive organs and vegetative organs,belowground biomass and total biomass.With the increases of total biomass,root-shoot ratio was negatively correlated with total biomass,the seed biomass linearly increased,but the reproductive allocation ratio remained at a relatively stable level(30.7%).The resource allocation strategy enables plants of all sizes to achieve a steady proportion of seed yield,which has important ecological implications to maintain population renewal and propagation of ephemeral plants.

关 键 词：物候 生长动态 繁殖输出 繁殖分配 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]