采用3种方法比较分析稻瘟病菌的致病力  

Compared analysis of pathogenicity of rice blast fungus Pyricularia oryzae using 3 kinds of methods

作　　者：王东元 王继春[2] 孙文献 朱峰[2] 吴宪[2] 祁山颜 欧玉苹 WANG Dongyuan;WANG Jichun;SUN Wenxian;ZHU Feng;WU Xian;QI Shanyan;OU Yuping(Plant Protection College,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China;Institute of Plant Protection,Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jilin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology/Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northeast(Gongzhuling)/Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,P.R.China,Gongzhuling 136100,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学植物保护学院,长春130118 [2]吉林省农业科学院植物保护研究所/吉林省农业微生物重点实验室/农业农村部东北作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室,公主岭136100

出　　处：《植物病理学报》2024年第2期364-376,共13页Acta Phytopathologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金区域创新发展联合基金(U19A2027);国家外专局派出培训计划项目(P162009007、P192009006);中韩国际合作项目(2020KCCJA12002)。

摘　　要：明确稻瘟病菌的致病力是筛选抗瘟资源、培育抗瘟品种和指导品种布局的前提和基础。本研究用东北粳稻区吉林省的166份水稻稻瘟病菌单孢分离物分别与7个中国稻瘟病菌生理小种鉴别寄主品种(Chinese differential varieties,CDVs)和源于粳稻丽江新团黑谷(LTH)的23个抗稻瘟病单基因品种(monogenetic differential varieties,MDVs)在温室内人工接种,分析稻瘟病菌的致病力情况。稻瘟病菌的致病力按与CDVs互作表型可划分为7个群、44个生理小种,其中ZA为优势菌群,出现频率为45.18%,ZA17(19.28%)、ZG1(9.64%)等为优势生理小种;与MDVs互作亲和表型按U-i-k-z-ta模式命名生理小种,优势生理小种不突出,但子群致病型较明显,出现比例较高的子群分别为U73(47.0%)、i5(31.9%)、i7(31.9%)等;利用与单基因品种互作明确的稻瘟病菌无毒基因频率展现病原菌的致病力,频率较高的分别为Avr-Pi12(74.69%)、Avr-Pi9(72.28%)、Avr-Pi19(68.67%)、Avr-Pi20(68.07%)等,表明Pi12(t)、Pi9(t)、Pi19(t)、Pi20(t)等为吉林省抗稻瘟病广谱基因型。采用优势无毒基因频率显示稻瘟菌致病性,能够明确反映出广谱抗瘟基因型,可作为抗稻瘟病育种目标。To master pathogenic characteristics of Pyricularia oryzae is the premise and foundation of screening germplasm,breeding resistance,and deploying rice varieties resistant to blast.In this study,total 166 isolates of rice blast fungi were collected from Japonica rice planting area in Jilin Province,northeast China,and were inoculated to 7 Chinese differential varieties(CDVs)and monogenetic differential varieties(MDVs)which harbored 23 resistance genes in greenhouse condition,then pathogenicity was clarified in accordance with compatibility reaction.Those isolates were categorized into 7 groups and 44 races according to the CDVs'phenotypes,in which the dominant Chinese race group was ZA at the frequency of 45.18%,and the dominant races were ZA17(19.28%)and ZG1(9.64%),respectively.No dominant race types with U-i-k-z-ta criteria were demonstrated according to the MDVs'phenotype data,but the sub-groups data were prominent,and the higher sub-groups with frequency were U73(47.0%),i5(31.9%),and i7(31.9%),respectively.Based on the MDVs data,the higher frequency of the avirulence genes,Avr-Pi12(74.69%),Avr-Pi9(72.28%),Avr-Pi19(68.67%),and Avr-Pi20(68.07%),which indicate that broad spectrum genes were Pi12(t),Pi9(t),Pi19(t),Pi20(t),respectively.The information of the types of dominant avirulence genes not only presents the pathogenicity of blast fungus,but also reflects the types of genes with varieties of broad spectrum resistance in MDVs,so it would be benefit for breeding resistant to rice blast.

关 键 词：稻瘟病菌 致病力 生理小种 无毒基因 

分 类 号：S432[农业科学—植物病理学]